Vol. 152
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERC 153 [2025] PIERC 152 [2025] PIERC 151 [2025] PIERC 150 [2024] PIERC 149 [2024] PIERC 148 [2024] PIERC 147 [2024] PIERC 146 [2024] PIERC 145 [2024] PIERC 144 [2024] PIERC 143 [2024] PIERC 142 [2024] PIERC 141 [2024] PIERC 140 [2024] PIERC 139 [2024] PIERC 138 [2023] PIERC 137 [2023] PIERC 136 [2023] PIERC 135 [2023] PIERC 134 [2023] PIERC 133 [2023] PIERC 132 [2023] PIERC 131 [2023] PIERC 130 [2023] PIERC 129 [2023] PIERC 128 [2023] PIERC 127 [2022] PIERC 126 [2022] PIERC 125 [2022] PIERC 124 [2022] PIERC 123 [2022] PIERC 122 [2022] PIERC 121 [2022] PIERC 120 [2022] PIERC 119 [2022] PIERC 118 [2022] PIERC 117 [2021] PIERC 116 [2021] PIERC 115 [2021] PIERC 114 [2021] PIERC 113 [2021] PIERC 112 [2021] PIERC 111 [2021] PIERC 110 [2021] PIERC 109 [2021] PIERC 108 [2021] PIERC 107 [2021] PIERC 106 [2020] PIERC 105 [2020] PIERC 104 [2020] PIERC 103 [2020] PIERC 102 [2020] PIERC 101 [2020] PIERC 100 [2020] PIERC 99 [2020] PIERC 98 [2020] PIERC 97 [2019] PIERC 96 [2019] PIERC 95 [2019] PIERC 94 [2019] PIERC 93 [2019] PIERC 92 [2019] PIERC 91 [2019] PIERC 90 [2019] PIERC 89 [2019] PIERC 88 [2018] PIERC 87 [2018] PIERC 86 [2018] PIERC 85 [2018] PIERC 84 [2018] PIERC 83 [2018] PIERC 82 [2018] PIERC 81 [2018] PIERC 80 [2018] PIERC 79 [2017] PIERC 78 [2017] PIERC 77 [2017] PIERC 76 [2017] PIERC 75 [2017] PIERC 74 [2017] PIERC 73 [2017] PIERC 72 [2017] PIERC 71 [2017] PIERC 70 [2016] PIERC 69 [2016] PIERC 68 [2016] PIERC 67 [2016] PIERC 66 [2016] PIERC 65 [2016] PIERC 64 [2016] PIERC 63 [2016] PIERC 62 [2016] PIERC 61 [2016] PIERC 60 [2015] PIERC 59 [2015] PIERC 58 [2015] PIERC 57 [2015] PIERC 56 [2015] PIERC 55 [2014] PIERC 54 [2014] PIERC 53 [2014] PIERC 52 [2014] PIERC 51 [2014] PIERC 50 [2014] PIERC 49 [2014] PIERC 48 [2014] PIERC 47 [2014] PIERC 46 [2014] PIERC 45 [2013] PIERC 44 [2013] PIERC 43 [2013] PIERC 42 [2013] PIERC 41 [2013] PIERC 40 [2013] PIERC 39 [2013] PIERC 38 [2013] PIERC 37 [2013] PIERC 36 [2013] PIERC 35 [2013] PIERC 34 [2013] PIERC 33 [2012] PIERC 32 [2012] PIERC 31 [2012] PIERC 30 [2012] PIERC 29 [2012] PIERC 28 [2012] PIERC 27 [2012] PIERC 26 [2012] PIERC 25 [2012] PIERC 24 [2011] PIERC 23 [2011] PIERC 22 [2011] PIERC 21 [2011] PIERC 20 [2011] PIERC 19 [2011] PIERC 18 [2011] PIERC 17 [2010] PIERC 16 [2010] PIERC 15 [2010] PIERC 14 [2010] PIERC 13 [2010] PIERC 12 [2010] PIERC 11 [2009] PIERC 10 [2009] PIERC 9 [2009] PIERC 8 [2009] PIERC 7 [2009] PIERC 6 [2009] PIERC 5 [2008] PIERC 4 [2008] PIERC 3 [2008] PIERC 2 [2008] PIERC 1 [2008]
2025-02-19
Antenna Designs Using Kriging Assisted Taguchi Method
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 152, 271-277, 2025
Abstract
Taguchi method has been extensively applied in electromagnetic optimization. To further enhance the optimization efficiency of the Taguchi method, a surrogate-assisted Taguchi method employing dynamic reduced rates is proposed. The reduced rate of each design variable is proportional to its contribution percentage. Variables with higher contributions exhibit a larger reduction rate, which subsequently decreases the search step and enhances the exploitation and convergence of the Taguchi method. The Kriging model serves as a substitute for the real fitness evaluation in predicting the result of each experiment, with its feasible state determined by the average relative error of its predictions. This ensures the prediction accuracy while reducing the number of real fitness evaluations. The proposed algorithm is validated by the fact that the efficiency has increased at least twofold through four benchmark function tests. In the end, this algorithm is employed to synthesize the radiation pattern of an asymmetrical dipole array with 16 elements and to optimize the front-to-back ratio of the Yagi-Uda antenna.
Citation
Jianing Ma, Xingning Jia, Ruidong Wang, and Liao Ma, "Antenna Designs Using Kriging Assisted Taguchi Method," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 152, 271-277, 2025.
doi:10.2528/PIERC24111302
References

1. Peng, Fengling and Xing Chen, "An efficient optimization method for antenna arrays using a small population diploid genetic algorithm based on local RBF networks," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 72, No. 4, 3237-3249, 2024.

2. Wu, Qi, Yi Cao, Haiming Wang, and Wei Hong, "Machine-learning-assisted optimization and its application to antenna designs: Opportunities and challenges," China Communications, Vol. 17, No. 4, 152-164, 2020.

3. Fu, Kai, Xiwen Cai, Bo Yuan, Yang Yang, and Xin Yao, "An efficient surrogate assisted particle swarm optimization for antenna synthesis," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 70, No. 7, 4977-4984, 2022.

4. Sahu, Sourabh, Jalil Ali, P. Yupapin, and Ghanshyam Singh, "Effectiveness of Taguchi method for the optimization of narrowband optical filters based on grating waveguides," Microsystem Technologies, Vol. 25, 789-795, 2019.

5. Amara, Wided, Ramzi Kheder, Ridha Ghayoula, Issam El Gmati, Amor Smida, Jaouhar Fattahi, and Lassaad Latrach, "Taguchi method-based synthesis of a circular antenna array for enhanced IoT applications," Telecom, Vol. 6, No. 1, 7, 2025.
doi:10.3390/telecom6010007

6. Xu, Xiaomin, Cheng Liao, Youfeng Cheng, and Fan Peng, "An improved Taguchi algorithm based on fitting and prediction for linear antenna array synthesis," International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 2019, No. 1, 7351521, 2019.

7. Zhang, Li, Dan Lu, Shuhui Yang, Yinchao Chen, and Bin Li, "Design of a quint-band passive NGDC by using Taguchi's optimization method," AEU --- International Journal of Electronics and Communications, Vol. 171, 154921, 2023.

8. Jia, Xingning and Guizhen Lu, "An improved Taguchi's method for electromagnetic applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 87, 89-96, 2019.

9. Gorissen, Dirk, Ivo Couckuyt, Piet Demeester, Tom Dhaene, and Karel Crombecq, "A surrogate modeling and adaptive sampling toolbox for computer based design," Journal of Machine Learning Research, Vol. 11, 2051-2055, 2010.

10. Faramarzi, Afshin, Mohammad Heidarinejad, Brent Stephens, and Seyedali Mirjalili, "Equilibrium optimizer: A novel optimization algorithm," Knowledge-Based Systems, Vol. 191, 105190, 2020.

11. Yu, Haibo, Li Kang, Ying Tan, Chaoli Sun, and Jianchao Zeng, "Truncation-learning-driven surrogate assisted social learning particle swarm optimization for computationally expensive problem," Applied Soft Computing, Vol. 97, 106812, 2020.

12. Li, Ming, Yanhui Liu, and Y. Jay Guo, "Shaped power pattern synthesis of a linear dipole array by element rotation and phase optimization using dynamic differential evolution," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 17, No. 4, 697-701, 2018.

13. Wang, Wen-Tao, Shu-Xi Gong, Yu-Jie Zhang, Feng-Tao Zha, Jin Ling, and Tingting Wan, "Low RCS dipole array synthesis based on MoM-PSO hybrid algorithm," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 94, 119-132, 2009.

14. Liu, Foxiang, Yanhui Liu, Kai Da Xu, Yong-Ling Ban, Qing Huo Liu, and Y. Jay Guo, "Synthesizing uniform amplitude sparse dipole arrays with shaped patterns by joint optimization of element positions, rotations and phases," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 67, No. 9, 6017-6028, 2019.

15. Li, Ming, Yanhui Liu, and Y. Jay Guo, "Design of sum and difference patterns by optimizing element rotations and positions for linear dipole array," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 69, No. 5, 3027-3032, 2020.

16. Makarov, Sergey N., Vishwanath Iyer, Shashank Kulkarni, and Steven R. Best, Antenna and EM Modeling with MATLAB Antenna Toolbox, John Wiley & Sons, 2021.
doi:10.1002/9781119693710

17. "FEKO Suite 7.0 --- Field computations involving bodies of arbitrary shape," Vol. Altair Development S.A. (Pty) Ltd., Stellenbosch, South Africa, May 2014, http://www.feko.info.

18. Baumgartner, Paul, Thomas Bauernfeind, Oszkár Bíró, Andreas Hackl, Christian Magele, Werner Renhart, and Riccardo Torchio, "Multi-objective optimization of Yagi-Uda antenna applying enhanced firefly algorithm with adaptive cost function," IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 54, No. 3, 1-4, 2017.

19. Nouri, Mahdi, Hamid Behroozi, Alireza Jafarieh, Sajjad Abazari Aghdam, Md. Jalil Piran, and Nazih Khaddaj Mallat, "A learning-based dipole Yagi-Uda antenna and phased array antenna for mmWave precoding and V2V communication in 5G systems," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 72, No. 3, 2789-2803, 2022.

20. Balanis, Constantine A., Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, John Wiley & Sons, 2016.