PIER C | PIER Journals

2025-01-20

PIER C

Vol. 152, 73-80, 2025

doi:10.2528/PIERC24120901

download: 8

Dual-Band Filters with Adjustable Bandwidth and Wide Stopband Using CRLH Transmission Line Theory

Chen Li, Minquan Li, Zhonghui Li, Shuangqing Cao and Rongxian Bai

In response to the growing demands of modern communication systems for miniaturized devices, high selectivity, and multi-band characteristics, this paper proposes a design methodology for a dual-band filter based on a planar interdigital structure. Two dual-band filters are developed utilizing transmission zeros and cascading techniques. The filters exhibit high selectivity and wide stopband performance. They are also tunable through parameter adjustments while maintaining a compact form factor. By incorporating composite right/left-handed (CRLH) theory, the proposed filters demonstrate left-handed characteristics. Simulation and experimental results indicate that the designed filters achieve low insertion loss, a wide stopband, and excellent out-of-band rejection within the target frequency bands. Additionally, compared to existing designs in the literature, this approach offers notable advantages in terms of both size and performance. The findings of this study show significant potential for applications in RF and communication systems.

Dual-band Filters with Adjustable Bandwidth and Wide Stopband Using CRLH Transmission Line Theory

2025-01-18

PIER C

Vol. 152, 67-72, 2025

doi:10.2528/PIERC24112003

download: 21

Structural Optimization and Performance Evaluation of Liquid Cooled Super Fast Charging Cable Based on Multi-Physics Coupling Calculation

Yanrong Ni, Shupeng Zhao, Xiaohe Zhao and Kaituo Zhang

Super fast charging is a key solution to addressing the issue of electric vehicles. In response to the demand for increased current-carrying capacity and lightweight cables in super-fast charging system, optimization design and verification were conducted in this study employing a multi-physics field analysis method. A single-core cable was selected as the research subject, and both the Ohmic loss and temperature distribution were analyzed under the excitation of electric vehicle cold charging current. The influence of different cable core shapes, coolant flow rates, cooling channel structural parameters, and other factors on the maximum temperature rise of the charging cable were compared and analyzed. The calculation results indicated that, under the identical cable core cross-sectional and operating conditions, rectangular cross-section cables exhibited superior heat dissipation performance compared to circular cross-section cables. It was found that the flatter the cable core is, the better the heat dissipation performance is. Under specific operating conditions, the cross-sectional area of the flat linear shape could be reduced appropriately, as increasing the size of the liquid cooling channel would help reduce the overall mass of the cable. These findings provide valuable insights for enhancing the heat dissipation performance and lightweight design of liquid-cooled charging cables in supercharging applications.

Structural Optimization and Performance Evaluation of Liquid Cooled Super Fast Charging Cable Based on Multi-physics Coupling Calculation

2025-01-18

PIER C

Vol. 152, 55-66, 2025

doi:10.2528/PIERC24101401

download: 27

A Broadband Half-Mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide Cavity Antenna with Triple-Resonances

Dian Widi Astuti, Huda Bin Abdul Majid, Syah Alam and Andri Setyawan

A simple, low-profile, and broadband antenna is presented in this paper for bandwidth enhancement. The compact antenna is achieved through a 50% miniaturization of a full-mode substrate integrated waveguide (FMSIW) antenna, known as the half-mode substrate integrated waveguide (HMSIW). The low-profile design is the result of the thin substrate thickness. However, the miniaturized and low-profile antenna suffers from narrow impedance bandwidth, which limits its application in antenna implementations. To address this issue, this paper proposes a broadband antenna in a single HMSIW cavity, offering a simple solution. The broadband performance is achieved by the merging of triple resonances. These triple resonances are generated by the combination of TE₁₀₁, TE₁₀₂, and TE₂₀₂ modes, which are induced by a semi-rectangular ring slot on the top layer of the cavity. Good agreement is observed between the simulation and measurement results. The simulated fractional bandwidth (FBW) is 29.53% (9.67-13.02 GHz), while the measured FBW is 32.05% (9.51-13.14 GHz). Two identical antennas with different polarization directions are obtained by mirroring one of them with respect to the other.

A Broadband Half-mode Substrate Integrated Waveguide Cavity Antenna with Triple-resonances

2025-01-18

PIER C

Vol. 152, 43-53, 2025

doi:10.2528/PIERC24111702

download: 53

A Miniaturized Quad Port Highly Isolated Triple Band Notched UWB-MIMO Diversity Antenna

Thotakura Sushma, Rajesh Gogineni, Nallagonda Vijaya Ratnam, Sadineni Ramesh Babu, Sunitha Mandava and Paruchuri Venkata Krishna Kanth

In this study, a quad-port ultra-wideband (UWB) multiple input multiple output (MIMO) antenna with triple band-rejection characteristics is demonstrated. The suggested diversity MIMO antenna comprises four similar rectangular radiators positioned in orthogonal manner by utilizing polarization diversity. For superior interelement isolation, a fan-shaped decoupler is lithographed on the back of the substrate. The MIMO antenna exhibits an operational bandwidth of 9 GHz (3-12 GHz) for each port, with |S₁₁| ≤ -10 dB. This version is more concise and properly formatted. The MIMO aerial exhibits an impedance bandwidth 3-12 GHz) for each port (|S₁₁| ≤ -10 dB) along with an interelement isolation exceeding 20 dB. Additionally, to exclude the 3.5-4.1 GHz (downlink C-band), 4.43-4.79 GHz (INSAT), and 5.25-5.71 GHz (Wireless LAN) bands that coexist in UWB spectrum, the antenna elements are equipped with three U-shaped slots. The MIMO diversity metrics, including isolation, envelope correlation coefficient, diversity gain, TARC, CCL, multiplexing efficiency and group delay, were computed and reported. The reported aerial prototype has been constructed, and the measured results have been validated against the simulated findings.

A Miniaturized Quad Port Highly Isolated Triple Band Notched UWB-MIMO Diversity Antenna

2025-01-15

PIER C

Vol. 152, 33-41, 2025

doi:10.2528/PIERC24121304

download: 34

Research on Constant Current Output Control of Wireless Power Transmission System Based on Parameter Identification

Zhongjiu Zheng, Yanpeng Ma, Zhilong Wu, Xingfeng Cao, Qiangqiang Zhao and Jinjun Bai

In the complex marine environment, the receiver is susceptible to the influence of water flow, which will cause the mutual inductance to fluctuate, thus affecting the stability of the output current. Therefore, aiming at the problem that the coil is prone to offset, this paper proposes a constant current charging output control method for wireless power transmission system based on parameter identification. Firstly, a method of mutual inductance parameter identification is introduced in detail. Only by measuring the effective value of the current at the transmitting end, the equivalent equation of mutual inductance and current can be established. Aiming at solving complex mathematical equations, the results of mutual inductance identification are obtained from high-order equations by combining with particle swarm optimization algorithm. Secondly, on this basis, a constant current control method for fast calculation of the conduction angle based on the above identification method is proposed. The calculation process of the conduction angle is derived, and the working principle of the constant current charging control is introduced in detail. Finally, this paper completed the construction of the experimental platform and carried out relevant experimental verification. The results show that the error of the parameter identification method proposed in this paper is within 3%, and the constant current output control of the system can be realized in the case of mutual inductance disturbance.

Research on Constant Current Output Control of Wireless Power Transmission System Based on Parameter Identification

2025-01-12

PIER C

Vol. 152, 25-32, 2025

doi:10.2528/PIERC24101801

download: 54

Broadband Circularly Polarized Crossed Dipole Antenna Loaded with Magneto-Electric Dipole

Zhuopeng Wang, Xin Zhang, Haoyu Fang, Ao Ni and Yanhui Cheng

A right-hand circularly polarized (RHCP) crossed dipole antenna with wide impedance and axial ratio bandwidth is developed. The antenna is composed of a pair of crossed dipoles, four parasitic patches, a metal reflecting cavity and 12 metal support posts. The four parasitic patches and 12 metal support posts together constitute two pairs of magneto-electric dipoles. By using a quarter wavelength phase delay ring on the crossed dipole, the 90° phase difference between the upper and lower arms is obtained, thereby realizing circularly polarized radiation. By adding slotted parasitic patches, grounded metal posts, and modifying the cavity structure, the circular polarization performance of the antenna is improved. The measurement results show that the antenna with a compact size, low cost obtains 64.5% of impedance bandwidth (1.85-3.61 GHz) and 59.6% of axial ratio bandwidth (1.92-3.55 GHz), and has stable pattern and gain in the operating bandwidth, highlighting significant potential for future applications in sub-6 GHz 5G applications.

Broadband Circularly Polarized Crossed Dipole Antenna Loaded with Magneto-electric Dipole

2025-01-11

PIER C

Vol. 152, 19-24, 2025

doi:10.2528/PIERC24081403

download: 34

An Interleaved Dual-Band Outline Elliptical Dipole Antenna

Jonathan Marquardt, Maria Pour and Curtis Hill

A new dual-band antenna is presented for use in space-based passive energy harvesting. This antenna is based on elliptical dipole antennas, whose inner metallization is removed, leaving an outline antenna and room for a second set of antenna arms. This will in turn result in an interleaved structure to tune each set of dipole arms to two different frequencies. Due to the close proximity of the dipole arms there exists strong mutual coupling, which is lessened by adding decoupling elements to the design. The proposed antenna is supported by a partial ground plane to improve the front-to-back ratio of the radiation patterns. The ground plane is extended with an exponential taper, and additional parasitic elements are added to improve antenna performance. The dual-band elliptical outline design was fabricated and measured, and the results are found in good agreement with simulation. This antenna design provides 14 dB return loss, 3.4 dBi peak gain, and 12 dB front-to-back ratio for both the 0.915 GHz and 2.45 GHz bands, making it a useful antenna for applications such as passive energy harvesting that require lightweight dual-band designs.

An Interleaved Dual-band Outline Elliptical Dipole Antenna

2025-01-11

PIER C

Vol. 152, 13-18, 2025

doi:10.2528/PIERC24102105

download: 57

A Low-Cost Four Circularly Polarized Antenna Loaded with a Complementary Split Ring Resonator for Beam Steering Applications

Oumaima Nayat-Ali, Fatima Zohra Khoutar, Mariem Aznabet, Otman El Mrabet and Mohsine Khalladi

In this work, a novel circularly polarized antenna with four ports and loaded with complementary split ring resonator (CSRR) for beam steering applications without phase shifters or PIN diodes is presented. The single antenna loaded with CSRR is arranged in a rotational manner forming a 4-port structure. The separation distance among the four antennas is optimized for achieving a steering angle of 29° with an isolation level greater than 25 dB over the whole bandwidth. When one of the four antennas is excited, the others either open-circuited or terminated to a 50-Ω impedance, the antenna has a resonant frequency of 5.8 GHz and produces a left-hand circularly polarized (LHCP) tilted beam in the elevation plane. The introduction of the CSRR leads to achieving a small design and also to get circular polarization characteristics. The proposed structure has a radiation efficiency of 90 % and a gain of 6 dBi over the whole bandwidth. This characteristic can be tuned which makes the proposed design suitable for many modern communication systems.

A Low-cost Four Circularly Polarized Antenna Loaded with a Complementary Split Ring Resonator for Beam Steering Applications

2025-01-08

PIER C

Vol. 152, 1-12, 2025

doi:10.2528/PIERC24102502

download: 68

Design of a Low-Cost Printed Slotted SIW Antenna Array with Omnidirectional Azimuth Pattern and Beam-Shaped Elevation Pattern

Tadeu Pasetto and Hugo Enrique Hernandez-Figueroa

This paper presents the design, discussions, and characterization of a low-cost printed slotted substrate integrated waveguide traveling wave antenna. The antenna exhibits an omnidirectional pattern in the azimuth plane and a cosecant squared pattern in the elevation plane. This synthesized pattern enables application in 5G mm-wave systems by providing a defined signal equipotential region, thereby increasing coverage areas in locations such as stadiums, exhibition centers, arenas, and parks. Additionally, the proposed design method facilitates the easy implementation of new designs tailored to specific installation sites.