volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In this paper, two new types of dual-band antennas are presented: a coplanar waveguide (CPW)-fed fractal monopole antenna (FMA) and an asymmetric coplanar strip (ACS)-fed fractal half-monopole antenna (FHMA). These antennas are designed to operate in two distinct bands suitable for 3.5/5.5 GHz WiMAX and 5.2/5.8 GHz WLAN applications. Both antennas possess the property of self-similarity by employing half- and quarter-circular folded loops, respectively, which represent the antennas' radiating elements. A design procedure based on a conventional circular patch antenna (CPA) is performed, with evolution steps leading to the achievement of the proposed two antennas with the above-mentioned features. To validate the design concept, two simulator programs (CST MWS and HFSS) were used to extract the simulated results regarding reflection coefficient S₁₁, gain, efficiency, and radiation patterns. According to the agreement between the CST and HFSS simulated results, prototypes of the FMA and FHMA are fabricated on an FR4 substrate with a dielectric constant of 4.4, a height of 0.8 mm, and overall sizes of only 26×20 mm² and 12×19 mm², representing nearly 73% and 40% reduction in size, respectively, compared with the size of 26×33 mm² for the CPA. The simulated and measured S₁₁ results are in good agreement, illustrating the two antennas operating over the desired bands (S₁₁ ≤ -10 dB): 3.5-/5.5-GHz (3.40-3.69 and 5.25-5.85 GHz) WiMAX and 5.2-/5.8-GHz (5.15-5.35 and 5.72-5.85 GHz) WLAN. Furthermore, the peak realized gain values are greater than 2 dBi, efficiency exceeding 90%, and nearly omnidirectional radiation at both bands. Based on the achieved results and antennas' compactness, they can be highly recommended for the use in WLAN and WiMAX applications.

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Prof. Dhirgham Kamal Naji