volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

This study presents a quad-band bandpass filter with high selectivity, compact size, and highly independent bands using a folded C-shape resonator, short stub-SIR resonator, and two folded L-shape resonators. The suggested structure consists of two separate filters. The upper filter is made up of a short stub-SIR resonator loaded on a C-shape resonator resonating at 2.59 GHz and 3.5 GHz, respectively. The lower filter is made up of two folded L-shape resonators resonating at 4.89 GHz and 6.15 GHz, respectively. The frequencies at which the filter resonates are designed and arranged with high independence. The proposed filter achieves insertion loss of -2.7 dB, -0.7 dB, 2.3 dB, and -0.4 dB, and return loss of -13.32 dB, -11.03 dB, -9.17 dB, and -17.89 dB, respectively. In addition, eight transmission zeros appeared. The proposed design has a compact size of 0.19λ_g×0.15λ_g and is built on an RO4350B substrate with a dielectric constant of 3.66, loss tangent of 0.0037, and thickness of 0.508 mm. Finally, the suggested filter is intended to be used in 5G mobile communications and international mobile telecommunications services.

1. 5G PPP "5G PPP architecture working group view on 5G architecture view on 5G architecture version 1.0, July 2016 5G PPP architecture working group view on 5G architecture,", July 2016.
doi:10.1109/4.735702

2. Wu, S. and B. Razavi, "A 900-MHz/1.8-GHz CMOS receiver for dual-band applications," IEEE J. Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 33, No. 12, 2178-2185, 1998.

3. Shi, L. and J. Gao, "Multitransmission zero dual-band bandpass filter using nonresonating node for 5G millimetre-wave application," Act. Passiv. Electron. Components, Vol. 2018, Article ID 7628598, 2018.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2013.2273759

4. Xu, J., W. Wu, and C. Miao, "Compact microstrip dual-/tri-/quad-band bandpass filter using open stubs loaded shorted stepped-impedance resonator," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 61, No. 9, 3187-3199, 2013, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2013.2273759.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2944681

5. Cai, Q., Y. Li, X. Zhang, and W. Shen, "Wideband MIMO antenna array covering 3.3-7.1 GHz for 5G metal-rimmed smartphone applications," IEEE Access, Vol. 7, 142070-142084, 2019, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2944681.
doi:10.1002/9781119236306

6. Holma, H. and A. Toskala, 5G Technology: 3GPP New Radio, 2020.
doi:10.1017/S1759078719000357

7. Zhou, J., L. Wang, Z. Wang, S. Zhang, and M. He, "A compact quad-band bandpass filter with mixed electric and magnetic coupling," Int. J. Microw. Wirel. Technol., Vol. 11, No. 5-6, 517-522, 2019, doi: 10.1017/S1759078719000357.
doi:10.1049/el.2016.4333

8. Liu, B., et al. "Quad-band BPF based on SLRs with inductive source and load coupling," Electron. Lett., Vol. 53, No. 8, 540-542, 2017.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2015.2463227

9. Zhang, Y., L. Gao, and X. Y. Zhang, "Compact quad-band bandpass filter for DCS/WLAN/WiMAX/5G Wi-Fi application," IEEE Microw. Wirel. Components Lett., Vol. 25, No. 10, 645-647, 2015.
doi:10.1049/el.2014.3347

10. Wu, B., F. Qiu, and L. Lin, "Quad-band filter with high skirt selectivity using stub-loaded nested dual-open loop resonators," Electron. Lett., Vol. 51, No. 2, 166-168, 2015.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2015.2440655

11. Yan, T., X.-H. Tang, and J. Wang, "A novel quad-band bandpass filter using short stub loaded E-shaped resonators," IEEE Microw. Wirel. Components Lett., Vol. 25, No. 8, 508-510, 2015.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2016.2615082

12. Wu, H.-W. and C.-T. Chiu, "Design of compact multi-layered quad-band bandpass filter," IEEE Microw. Wirel. Components Lett., Vol. 26, No. 11, 879-881, 2016.
doi:10.1002/mop.28160

13. Wei, F., Q. L. Huang, W. Li, and X. Shi, "A compact quad-band bandpass filter using novel stub-loaded SIR structure," Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., Vol. 56, No. 3, 538-542, 2014.
doi:10.1002/9781119292371

14. Cameron, R. J., C. M. Kudsia, and R. R. Mansour, Microwave Filters for Communication Systems: Fundamentals, Design, and Applications, John Wiley & Sons, 2018.
doi:10.1049/el.2017.4429

15. Wang, J., S. He, and D. Gan, "A 2.4/3.5/5.2/5.8-GHz quad-band BPF using SLRs and triangular loop resonators," Electron. Lett., Vol. 54, No. 5, 299-301, 2018.
doi:10.1002/mop.32016

16. Sung, Y., "Simple quad-band bandpass filter implemented on a 50-Ω microstrip line," Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., Vol. 62, No. 1, 100-107, 2020, doi: 10.1002/mop.32016.

17. Xie, H., K. Zhou, C. Zhou, and W. Wu, "Analysis of four-stage stepped-impedance resonators and their application to quad-band microstrip bandpass filter," Int. J. RF Microw. Comput. Eng., Vol. 30, No. 4, e22116, 2020.
doi:10.1049/iet-map.2019.0563

18. Chen, C.-F., J.-J. Li, K.-W. Zhou, R.-Y. Chen, Z.-C. Wang, and Y.-H. He, "Design of a microstrip quad-band bandpass filter with controllable bandwidth and band spacing for multifunctional applications," IET Microwaves, Antennas & Propagation, 374-380, 2020, doi: 10.1049/iet-map.2019.0563.
doi:10.1515/freq-2019-0043

19. Cao, Q., H. Liu, and L. Gao, "Design of novel compact quad-band bandpass filter with high selectivity," Frequenz, Vol. 74, No. 1-2, 53-59, 2020, doi: 10.1515/freq-2019-0043.
doi:10.1515/freq-2019-0159

20. Basit, A. and M. I. Khattak, "Designing modern compact microstrip planar quadband bandpass filter for hand held wireless applications," Frequenz, Vol. 74, No. 5-6, 219-227, 2020.
doi:10.1109/ICPECA51329.2021.9362506

21. Wang, X., L. Wang, W. Yang, and Y. Zhang, "Design of quad-band filter using SIR and DGS," 2021 IEEE International Conference on Power Electronics, Computer Applications (ICPECA), 378-381, 2021.

Dr. Halah I. Khani

Dr. Ahmed S. Ezzulddin

Dr. Hussam Al-Saedi