Vol. 110
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERC 150 [2024] PIERC 149 [2024] PIERC 148 [2024] PIERC 147 [2024] PIERC 146 [2024] PIERC 145 [2024] PIERC 144 [2024] PIERC 143 [2024] PIERC 142 [2024] PIERC 141 [2024] PIERC 140 [2024] PIERC 139 [2024] PIERC 138 [2023] PIERC 137 [2023] PIERC 136 [2023] PIERC 135 [2023] PIERC 134 [2023] PIERC 133 [2023] PIERC 132 [2023] PIERC 131 [2023] PIERC 130 [2023] PIERC 129 [2023] PIERC 128 [2023] PIERC 127 [2022] PIERC 126 [2022] PIERC 125 [2022] PIERC 124 [2022] PIERC 123 [2022] PIERC 122 [2022] PIERC 121 [2022] PIERC 120 [2022] PIERC 119 [2022] PIERC 118 [2022] PIERC 117 [2021] PIERC 116 [2021] PIERC 115 [2021] PIERC 114 [2021] PIERC 113 [2021] PIERC 112 [2021] PIERC 111 [2021] PIERC 110 [2021] PIERC 109 [2021] PIERC 108 [2021] PIERC 107 [2021] PIERC 106 [2020] PIERC 105 [2020] PIERC 104 [2020] PIERC 103 [2020] PIERC 102 [2020] PIERC 101 [2020] PIERC 100 [2020] PIERC 99 [2020] PIERC 98 [2020] PIERC 97 [2019] PIERC 96 [2019] PIERC 95 [2019] PIERC 94 [2019] PIERC 93 [2019] PIERC 92 [2019] PIERC 91 [2019] PIERC 90 [2019] PIERC 89 [2019] PIERC 88 [2018] PIERC 87 [2018] PIERC 86 [2018] PIERC 85 [2018] PIERC 84 [2018] PIERC 83 [2018] PIERC 82 [2018] PIERC 81 [2018] PIERC 80 [2018] PIERC 79 [2017] PIERC 78 [2017] PIERC 77 [2017] PIERC 76 [2017] PIERC 75 [2017] PIERC 74 [2017] PIERC 73 [2017] PIERC 72 [2017] PIERC 71 [2017] PIERC 70 [2016] PIERC 69 [2016] PIERC 68 [2016] PIERC 67 [2016] PIERC 66 [2016] PIERC 65 [2016] PIERC 64 [2016] PIERC 63 [2016] PIERC 62 [2016] PIERC 61 [2016] PIERC 60 [2015] PIERC 59 [2015] PIERC 58 [2015] PIERC 57 [2015] PIERC 56 [2015] PIERC 55 [2014] PIERC 54 [2014] PIERC 53 [2014] PIERC 52 [2014] PIERC 51 [2014] PIERC 50 [2014] PIERC 49 [2014] PIERC 48 [2014] PIERC 47 [2014] PIERC 46 [2014] PIERC 45 [2013] PIERC 44 [2013] PIERC 43 [2013] PIERC 42 [2013] PIERC 41 [2013] PIERC 40 [2013] PIERC 39 [2013] PIERC 38 [2013] PIERC 37 [2013] PIERC 36 [2013] PIERC 35 [2013] PIERC 34 [2013] PIERC 33 [2012] PIERC 32 [2012] PIERC 31 [2012] PIERC 30 [2012] PIERC 29 [2012] PIERC 28 [2012] PIERC 27 [2012] PIERC 26 [2012] PIERC 25 [2012] PIERC 24 [2011] PIERC 23 [2011] PIERC 22 [2011] PIERC 21 [2011] PIERC 20 [2011] PIERC 19 [2011] PIERC 18 [2011] PIERC 17 [2010] PIERC 16 [2010] PIERC 15 [2010] PIERC 14 [2010] PIERC 13 [2010] PIERC 12 [2010] PIERC 11 [2009] PIERC 10 [2009] PIERC 9 [2009] PIERC 8 [2009] PIERC 7 [2009] PIERC 6 [2009] PIERC 5 [2008] PIERC 4 [2008] PIERC 3 [2008] PIERC 2 [2008] PIERC 1 [2008]
2021-02-23
Millimeter-Wave Tightly-Coupled Phased Array with Integrated MEMS Phase Shifters
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 110, 135-150, 2021
Abstract
A low-loss electronic beam steering model is presented in this paper based on tightly-coupled dipole array topology for satellite communications applications for K through Ka-band (18-40) GHz. The array is low-profile having < 3.4 mm height and printed on an affordable single-layered PCB. As proof-of-concept, a 4 × 4-element, single polarized array is fabricated and measured showing (18-40) GHz (VSWR < 2) continual band coverage. A compact, low-loss electronic beam steering architecture for moderate bandwidth arrays is also utilized for beam steering. A 2-bits tunable phase shifter, spanning over (18-30) GHz with IL < 2.5 dB, is developed using micro-electro mechanical systems (MEMS) technology. The phase shifter is integrated at the array elements resulting in reduced size, cost, and complexity of the feeding network. A full-wave simulation of the 4 × Infinite array with the integrated MEMS phase shifter is conducted to prove the concept.
Citation
Anas J. Abumunshar, Kubilay Sertel, and Niru K. Nahar, "Millimeter-Wave Tightly-Coupled Phased Array with Integrated MEMS Phase Shifters," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 110, 135-150, 2021.
doi:10.2528/PIERC20113004
References

1. Abumunshar, A. J., N. K. Nahar, D. Hyman, and K. Sertel, "18–40 GHz low-profile phased array with integrated MEMS phase shifters," EuCAP, Paris, France, March 2017.

2. Abumunshar, A. J., N. K. Nahar, D. Hyman, and K. Sertel, "K-to-Ka band low-profile phased array with integrated MEMS phase shifters," IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation and National Radio Science Meeting (USNC/URSI 2016), Fajardo, BR, July 2016.

3. Gargione, F., T. Iida, F. Valdoni, and F. Vatalaro, "Services, technologies, and systems at Ka band and beyond — A survey," IEEE Journal on Selected Areas in Communications, Vol. 17, No. 2, 133-144, 1999.
doi:10.1109/49.748777

4. Trunk, G., et al., "Advanced multifunction RF system (AMRFS) preliminary design considerations," NRL, Washington, DC, December 2001.

5. Tavik, G. C., J. Y. Choe, and P. K. Hughes, "Advanced Multifunction Radio Frequency (AMFR) concept testbed overview," Government Microcircuit Application Conf. Dig., March 2001.

6. Foshee, J., R. Tahim, and K. Chang, "A high capacity phased array antennas for theater recce/intel networks," IEEE Aerospace Conference Proceedings, Vol. 2, 841-853, 2002.

7. Krauss, A., H. Bayer, R. Stephan, and M. Hein, "Low-profile tracking antenna for Ka-band satellite communications," IEEE — APS Topical Conference on (APWC), Torino, 2013.

8. Grajek, P. R., B. Schoenlinner, and G. M. Rebeiz, "A 24-GHz high-gain Yagi-Uda antenna array," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 52, No. 5, 1257-1261, May 2004.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2004.827543

9. Gheethan, A. A., M. C. Jo, and G. Mumcu, "Microfluidic based Ka-band beam-scanning focal plane array," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 12, 1638-1641, 2013.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2013.2294153

10. Encinar, J., M. Barba, J. Page, M. Arrebola, A. Pacheco, and K. van’t Klooster, "Experimental validation of a reflect array antenna in Ka-band," IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation (APSURSI), 353-356, Spokane, WA, 2011.

11. Munk, B. A., Finite Antenna Arrays and FSS, Ch. 6, 181-213, IEEE Press/Wiley-Interscience, 2003.
doi:10.1002/0471457531

12. Zhou, Y., et al., "Tightly coupled array antennas for ultra-wideband wireless systems," IEEE Access, Vol. 6, 61851-61866, 2018.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2873741

13. Moulder, W., K. Sertel, and J. Volakis, "Superstrate-enhanced ultrawideband tightly coupled array with resistive FSS," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 60, No. 9, 4166-4172, September 2012.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2012.2210292

14. Shim, J., J. Go, and J. Chung, "A 1-D tightly coupled dipole array for broadband mmwave communication," IEEE Access, Vol. 7, 8258-8265, 2019.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2018.2889333

15. Doane, J. P., K. Sertel, and J. L. Volakis, "A wideband, wide scanning Tightly Coupled Dipole Array with Integrated Balun (TCDA-IB)," IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 61, No. 9, 4538-4548, September 2013.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2013.2267199

16. Agrawal, A. K. and E. L. Holzman, "Beamformer architectures for active phased-array radar antennas," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 47, No. 3, 432-442, 1999.
doi:10.1109/8.768777

17. Vinoy, K. J. and V. K. Varadan, "Design of reconfigurable fractal antennas and RF-MEMS for space-based systems," Smart Materials and Structures, Vol. 10, No. 6, 2001.
doi:10.1088/0964-1726/10/6/310

18. Ruffin, P. B., J. C. Holt, J. H. Mullins, T. Hudson, and J. Rock, "MEMS-based phased arrays for army applications," The 14th International Symposium on: Smart Structures and Materials & Nondestructive Evaluation and Health Monitoring, 652802-652802, International Society for Optics and Photonics, 2007.

19. Malmqvist, R., C. Samuelsson, B. Carlegrim, P. RantaKari, T. Vaha-Heikkila, A. Rydberg, and J. Varis, "Ka-band RF MEMS phase shifters for energy starved millimetre-wave radar sensors," Semiconductor Conference (CAS), Sinaia, 2010.

20. Corey, L., E. JasKa, and J. Guerci, "Phased-array development at DARPA," IEEE International Symposium on Phased Array Systems and Technology, 2003.

21. Munk, B. A., Finite Antenna Arrays and FSS, Wiley, 2003.
doi:10.1002/0471457531

22. Tzanidis, I., C. C. Chen, and J. L. Volakis, "Low profile spiral on a thin ferrite ground plane for 220–500 MHz operation," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 58, No. 11, 3715-3720, November 2010.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2010.2071337

23. Yetisir, E., N. Ghalichechian, and J. L. Volakis, "Ultrawideband array with 70◦ scanning using FSS superstrate," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 64, No. 10, 4256-4265, October 2016.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2016.2594817

24. Novak, M. H., J. L. Volakis, and F. A. Miranda, "Wideband array for C, X, and Ku-band applications with 5.3 : 1 bandwidth," IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, Vancouver, BC, 2015.

25. Munk, B. A., "Broadband wire arrays," Finite Antenna Arrays and FSS, 181-213, Wiley-IEEE Press, July 2003.

26. Alwan, E. A., K. Sertel, and J. L. Volakis, "Circuit model based optimization of ultra-wideband arrays," Proceedings of the 2012 IEEE International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, Chicago, IL, 2012.

27. Doane, J., K. Sertel, and J. Volakis, "A 6.3 : 1 bandwidth scanning tightly coupled dipole array with co-designed compact balun," Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium (APSURSI), Chicago, IL, 2012.

28. Abumunshar, A. J., "Simulated finite array performance," Tightly Coupled Dipole Array with Integrated Phase Shifters for Millimeter-Wave Connectivity: Simulated Finite Array Performance, 119-129, OhioLINK Electronic Theses and Dissertations Center, Electronic Thesis or Dissertation. Ohio State University, May 2017.

29. Rebeiz, G. M., MEMs Phase Shifters, in, RF MEMS: Theory, Design, and Technology, 259-259, John Wiley and Sons, Inc., 2003.

30. Yamini, A. and M. Soleimani, "Multiband behavior of wideband Sierpinski fractal bow-tie antenna," The European Conference on Wireless Technology, Paris, 2005.

31. Lu, Y. J., Y. W. Liu, and P. Hsu, "A hybrid design of printed antenna fed by coplanar waveguide with and without back conductor," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 13, 1597-1600, 2014.

32. Li, R., B. Pan, T. Wu, K. Lim, J. LasKar, and M. Tentzeris, "A broadband printed dipole and a printed array for base station applications," Antennas and Propagation Society International Symposium, San Diego, CA, 2008.

33. Wallace, J., H. Redd, and R. Furlow, "Low cost MMIC DBS chip sets for phased array applications," IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest (Cat. No.99CH36282), Vol. 2, 677-680, Anaheim, CA, USA, 1999.
doi:10.1109/MWSYM.1999.779851

34. Campbell, C. F. and S. A. Brown, "A compact 5-bit phase-shifter MMIC for K-band satellite communication systems," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 48, No. 12, 2652-2656, December 2000.
doi:10.1109/22.899026

35. Taniguchi, E., M. Hieda, H. Kurusu, M. Funada, Y. Iyama, and T. Takagi, "A Ku-band matched embedded-FET phase shifter," 29th European Microwave Conference, 357-360, Munich, Germany, 1999.

36. Garbacz, R. and R. Turpin, "A generalized expansion for radiated and scattered fields," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 19, No. 3, 348-358, May 1971.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1971.1139935

37. Tzanidis, I., Ultrawideband low-profile arrays of tightly coupled antenna elements: Excitation, termination and feeding methods, Ph.D. Dissertation, The Ohio State University, 2011.