Vol. 38
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERC 150 [2024] PIERC 149 [2024] PIERC 148 [2024] PIERC 147 [2024] PIERC 146 [2024] PIERC 145 [2024] PIERC 144 [2024] PIERC 143 [2024] PIERC 142 [2024] PIERC 141 [2024] PIERC 140 [2024] PIERC 139 [2024] PIERC 138 [2023] PIERC 137 [2023] PIERC 136 [2023] PIERC 135 [2023] PIERC 134 [2023] PIERC 133 [2023] PIERC 132 [2023] PIERC 131 [2023] PIERC 130 [2023] PIERC 129 [2023] PIERC 128 [2023] PIERC 127 [2022] PIERC 126 [2022] PIERC 125 [2022] PIERC 124 [2022] PIERC 123 [2022] PIERC 122 [2022] PIERC 121 [2022] PIERC 120 [2022] PIERC 119 [2022] PIERC 118 [2022] PIERC 117 [2021] PIERC 116 [2021] PIERC 115 [2021] PIERC 114 [2021] PIERC 113 [2021] PIERC 112 [2021] PIERC 111 [2021] PIERC 110 [2021] PIERC 109 [2021] PIERC 108 [2021] PIERC 107 [2021] PIERC 106 [2020] PIERC 105 [2020] PIERC 104 [2020] PIERC 103 [2020] PIERC 102 [2020] PIERC 101 [2020] PIERC 100 [2020] PIERC 99 [2020] PIERC 98 [2020] PIERC 97 [2019] PIERC 96 [2019] PIERC 95 [2019] PIERC 94 [2019] PIERC 93 [2019] PIERC 92 [2019] PIERC 91 [2019] PIERC 90 [2019] PIERC 89 [2019] PIERC 88 [2018] PIERC 87 [2018] PIERC 86 [2018] PIERC 85 [2018] PIERC 84 [2018] PIERC 83 [2018] PIERC 82 [2018] PIERC 81 [2018] PIERC 80 [2018] PIERC 79 [2017] PIERC 78 [2017] PIERC 77 [2017] PIERC 76 [2017] PIERC 75 [2017] PIERC 74 [2017] PIERC 73 [2017] PIERC 72 [2017] PIERC 71 [2017] PIERC 70 [2016] PIERC 69 [2016] PIERC 68 [2016] PIERC 67 [2016] PIERC 66 [2016] PIERC 65 [2016] PIERC 64 [2016] PIERC 63 [2016] PIERC 62 [2016] PIERC 61 [2016] PIERC 60 [2015] PIERC 59 [2015] PIERC 58 [2015] PIERC 57 [2015] PIERC 56 [2015] PIERC 55 [2014] PIERC 54 [2014] PIERC 53 [2014] PIERC 52 [2014] PIERC 51 [2014] PIERC 50 [2014] PIERC 49 [2014] PIERC 48 [2014] PIERC 47 [2014] PIERC 46 [2014] PIERC 45 [2013] PIERC 44 [2013] PIERC 43 [2013] PIERC 42 [2013] PIERC 41 [2013] PIERC 40 [2013] PIERC 39 [2013] PIERC 38 [2013] PIERC 37 [2013] PIERC 36 [2013] PIERC 35 [2013] PIERC 34 [2013] PIERC 33 [2012] PIERC 32 [2012] PIERC 31 [2012] PIERC 30 [2012] PIERC 29 [2012] PIERC 28 [2012] PIERC 27 [2012] PIERC 26 [2012] PIERC 25 [2012] PIERC 24 [2011] PIERC 23 [2011] PIERC 22 [2011] PIERC 21 [2011] PIERC 20 [2011] PIERC 19 [2011] PIERC 18 [2011] PIERC 17 [2010] PIERC 16 [2010] PIERC 15 [2010] PIERC 14 [2010] PIERC 13 [2010] PIERC 12 [2010] PIERC 11 [2009] PIERC 10 [2009] PIERC 9 [2009] PIERC 8 [2009] PIERC 7 [2009] PIERC 6 [2009] PIERC 5 [2008] PIERC 4 [2008] PIERC 3 [2008] PIERC 2 [2008] PIERC 1 [2008]
2013-03-06
A Novel Microstrip Antenna Array with Metamaterial-Based Electronic Beam Steering at 2.4 GHz
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 38, 27-42, 2013
Abstract
A metamaterial based electronically controlled microstrip structure, performing as leaky wave (LW) antenna with beam steering capability was synthesized. The structure has the configuration of metamaterial transmission line(TL) composed of cascade composite right- /left-handed(CRLH) unit cells. The direction of maximum radiation is tuned via the variation of varactros' capacities incorporated to the structure. Theoretical analysis and synthesis, based on the metamaterial TL theory, was made and novel methods to realize some of the elements of the units cells are proposed. Results, received via simulation, demonstrate that the LW antenna has steering capability of the direction of maximum radiation in a range of 40°, gain changing a little, 6 dB to 7 dB, during the scanning, whereas small number of cells is enough to obtain this performance.
Citation
Athanasia Symeonidou, and Katherine Siakavara, "A Novel Microstrip Antenna Array with Metamaterial-Based Electronic Beam Steering at 2.4 GHz ," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 38, 27-42, 2013.
doi:10.2528/PIERC13020405
References

1. Wang, H., S. Chen, L. X. Ran, J. T. Huangfu, and J. A. Kong, "Reconfigurable cloak for multiple operating frequencies," Appl. Phys. Lett., Vol. 93, No. 4, Art. ID 043515, Jul. 2008.

2. Sievenpiper, D. F., J. H. Schaner, H. J. Song, R. Y. Loo, and G. Tangonan, "Two-dimensional beam steering using an electrically tunable impedance surface," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 51, No. 10, 2713-2722, Oct. 2003.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2003.817558

3. Macial, J. J., J. F. Slocum, J. K. Smith, and J. Turtle, "MEMS electronically steerable antennas for fire control radars," Proc. IEEE Radar Conf., 677-682, 2007.

4. Padilla, P., A. M. Acevedo, M. S. Castaner, and M. S. Perez, "Electronically reconfigurable transmitarray at Ku band for microwave applications," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 58, No. 8, 2571-2579, Aug. 2010.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2010.2050426

5. Honma, T., T. Seki, K. Nishikawa, and K. Tsunekawa, "Series-fed beam-scanning array antenna comprising multi-stage configured microstrip antenna with tunable reactance devices and open stubs," IEEE International Symposium of Antennas and Propagation Society, Vol. 4, 2004.

6. Lim, S., C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "Electronically scanned composite right/left handed microstrip leaky-wave antenna," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 14, No. 6, 277-279, Jun. 2004.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2004.828008

7. Jiang, T., Z. Wang, D. Li, J. Pan, P. Zhang, J. Huangfu, Y. Salamin, and C. Li, "Low-DC voltage-controlled steering-antenna, radome utilizing tunable active metamaterial," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theoery and Techniques, Vol. 60, No. 1, 170-178, Jan. 2012.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2011.2171981

8. Mujumdar, M., C. Jin, and A. Alphones, "Double periodic composite right/left Handed transmission line based leaky wave antenna by singular perturbation method," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 132, 113-128, 2012.

9. Anghel, A. and R. Cacoveanu, "Improved composite right/left-handed cell for leaky-wave antenna," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 22, 59-69, 2011.

10. Lim, S., C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "Metamaterial-based electronically controlled transmission-line structure as a novel leaky-wave antenna with tunable radiation angle and beamwidth," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 53, No. 1, 161-173, Jan. 2005.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2004.839927

11. Matsuzawa, S., K. Sato, A. Sanada, H. Kubo, and S. Aso, "Left-handed leaky wave antenna for millimeter-wave applications," IEEE International Workshop on Antenna Technology: Small Antennas and Novel Metamaterials, 183-186, 2005.
doi:10.1109/IWAT.2005.1461043

12. Matsuzawa, S., K. Sato, Y. Inoue, and T. Nomura, "Beam steering left-handed leaky wave antenna for millimeter wave applications," IEEE Antennas and Propagation International Symposium, Vol. 1A, 709-712, 2005.

13. Caloz, C., T. Itoh, and A. Rennings, "CRLH metamaterials leaky-wave antennas," IEEE Antennas and Propagation Magazine, Vol. 50, No. 5, 25-39, Oct. 2008.
doi:10.1109/MAP.2008.4674709

14. Lai, A., C. Caloz, and T. Itoh, "Composite right/left-handed transmission line metamaterials," IEEE Microwave Magazine, 34-50, Sep. 2004.
doi:10.1109/MMW.2004.1337766

15. Advanced Semiconductor, Inc. "Abrupt tuning varactors,", 2004, http://www.advancedsemiconductor.com/pdf/diodes/Abrupt-TuningVaractors.pdf.

16. Gevorgian, S. S., T. Martinsson, P. L. Linner, and E. L. Kollberg, "CAD models for multilayered substrate interdigital capacitors," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 44, No. 6, 896-904, Jun. 1996.
doi:10.1109/22.506449