Vol. 32
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERC 143 [2024] PIERC 142 [2024] PIERC 141 [2024] PIERC 140 [2024] PIERC 139 [2024] PIERC 138 [2023] PIERC 137 [2023] PIERC 136 [2023] PIERC 135 [2023] PIERC 134 [2023] PIERC 133 [2023] PIERC 132 [2023] PIERC 131 [2023] PIERC 130 [2023] PIERC 129 [2023] PIERC 128 [2023] PIERC 127 [2022] PIERC 126 [2022] PIERC 125 [2022] PIERC 124 [2022] PIERC 123 [2022] PIERC 122 [2022] PIERC 121 [2022] PIERC 120 [2022] PIERC 119 [2022] PIERC 118 [2022] PIERC 117 [2021] PIERC 116 [2021] PIERC 115 [2021] PIERC 114 [2021] PIERC 113 [2021] PIERC 112 [2021] PIERC 111 [2021] PIERC 110 [2021] PIERC 109 [2021] PIERC 108 [2021] PIERC 107 [2021] PIERC 106 [2020] PIERC 105 [2020] PIERC 104 [2020] PIERC 103 [2020] PIERC 102 [2020] PIERC 101 [2020] PIERC 100 [2020] PIERC 99 [2020] PIERC 98 [2020] PIERC 97 [2019] PIERC 96 [2019] PIERC 95 [2019] PIERC 94 [2019] PIERC 93 [2019] PIERC 92 [2019] PIERC 91 [2019] PIERC 90 [2019] PIERC 89 [2019] PIERC 88 [2018] PIERC 87 [2018] PIERC 86 [2018] PIERC 85 [2018] PIERC 84 [2018] PIERC 83 [2018] PIERC 82 [2018] PIERC 81 [2018] PIERC 80 [2018] PIERC 79 [2017] PIERC 78 [2017] PIERC 77 [2017] PIERC 76 [2017] PIERC 75 [2017] PIERC 74 [2017] PIERC 73 [2017] PIERC 72 [2017] PIERC 71 [2017] PIERC 70 [2016] PIERC 69 [2016] PIERC 68 [2016] PIERC 67 [2016] PIERC 66 [2016] PIERC 65 [2016] PIERC 64 [2016] PIERC 63 [2016] PIERC 62 [2016] PIERC 61 [2016] PIERC 60 [2015] PIERC 59 [2015] PIERC 58 [2015] PIERC 57 [2015] PIERC 56 [2015] PIERC 55 [2014] PIERC 54 [2014] PIERC 53 [2014] PIERC 52 [2014] PIERC 51 [2014] PIERC 50 [2014] PIERC 49 [2014] PIERC 48 [2014] PIERC 47 [2014] PIERC 46 [2014] PIERC 45 [2013] PIERC 44 [2013] PIERC 43 [2013] PIERC 42 [2013] PIERC 41 [2013] PIERC 40 [2013] PIERC 39 [2013] PIERC 38 [2013] PIERC 37 [2013] PIERC 36 [2013] PIERC 35 [2013] PIERC 34 [2013] PIERC 33 [2012] PIERC 32 [2012] PIERC 31 [2012] PIERC 30 [2012] PIERC 29 [2012] PIERC 28 [2012] PIERC 27 [2012] PIERC 26 [2012] PIERC 25 [2012] PIERC 24 [2011] PIERC 23 [2011] PIERC 22 [2011] PIERC 21 [2011] PIERC 20 [2011] PIERC 19 [2011] PIERC 18 [2011] PIERC 17 [2010] PIERC 16 [2010] PIERC 15 [2010] PIERC 14 [2010] PIERC 13 [2010] PIERC 12 [2010] PIERC 11 [2009] PIERC 10 [2009] PIERC 9 [2009] PIERC 8 [2009] PIERC 7 [2009] PIERC 6 [2009] PIERC 5 [2008] PIERC 4 [2008] PIERC 3 [2008] PIERC 2 [2008] PIERC 1 [2008]
2012-09-21
Active Negative Inductor Based on Magnetic Flux
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 32, 259-269, 2012
Abstract
An active circuit is described that exhibits the equivalent reactance of a negative inductor. In contrast with previous techniques based on negative impedance converters, the negative inductance is produced by generating an opposing time-varying magnetic flux. The new circuit also enables the inductance to be electronically varied between negative and positive values, can enhance the Q, and defaults to a conventional positive inductor in the event of active component failure. The performance of a prototype with an inductance of -0.344 mH and operating over the frequency range 1-40 kHz is described.
Citation
Daniel D. Stancil, "Active Negative Inductor Based on Magnetic Flux," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 32, 259-269, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIERC12071708
References

1. Foster, R. M., "A reactance theorem," Bell Syst. Tech. J., Vol. 3, 259-267, 1924.

2. Merrill, J. L., "Theory of the negative impedance converter," Bell Sys. Tech. J., Vol. 30, 88-109.

3. Linvill, J. G., "Transistor negative impedance converters," Proc. IRE, Vol. 41, 725-729, Jun. 1953.
doi:10.1109/JRPROC.1953.274251

4. Kuo, C. K. and K. L. Su, "Some new four terminal NIC circuits," IEEE Proc. Circuit Theory, 379-381, Aug. 1969.

5. Sussman-Fort, S. E., "Gyrator-based biquad filters and negative impedance converters for microwaves," Int. J. RF Microw. Comput.-aided Engr., (Special Issue on Net. Synthesis Method. Microw. Dev.), Vol. 8, No. 3, 86-101, Mar. 1998.

6. Antoniou, A., "Floating negative impedance converters," IEEE Trans. Circuit Theory, Vol. 19, No. 2, 209-212, Mar. 1972.
doi:10.1109/TCT.1972.1083441

7. Sussman-Fort, S. E. and R. M. Rudish, "Non-foster impedance matching of electrically-small antennas," IEEE Trans. on Ant. and Prop., Vol. 57, No. 8, 2230-2241, Aug. 2009.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2009.2024494

8. Yuan, Y., B.-I. Popa, and S. A. Cummer, "Zero loss magnetic metamaterials using powered active unit cells," Optics Express, Vol. 17, No. 8, 16135-16143, Aug. 31, 2009.
doi:10.1364/OE.17.016135

9. Pehlke, D. R., A. Burstein, and M. F. Chang, "Extremely high-Q tunable inductor for Si-based RF integrated circuit applications," Proc. IEDM, 63-66, Washington, D.C., Dec. 1997.

10. Georgescu, B., H. Pekau, J. Haslett, and J. McRory, "Tunable coupled inductor Q-enhancement for parallel resonant LC tanks," IEEE Trans. Circuits and Systems - II: Analog and Digital Sig. Proc., Vol. 50, No. 10, 705-713, Oct. 2003.
doi:10.1109/TCSII.2003.818366

11. Saha, P. K., A. Dutta, T. K. Bhattacharyya, and A. Patra, "Effects of active Q enhancement on oscillator phase noise: An analysis," Analog Integr. Circ. Sig. Process, Vol. 52, 99-107, 2007.
doi:10.1007/s10470-007-9102-4

12. Cusmai, G., M. Repossi, G. Albasini, A. Mazzanti, and F. Svelto, "A magnetically tuned quadrature oscillator," IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 42, No. 12, 2870-2877, 2007.
doi:10.1109/JSSC.2007.908727

13. Yue, C. P. and S. S. Wong, "On-chip spiral inductors with patterned ground shields for Si-based RF IC's," IEEE Journal of Solid State Circuits, Vol. 33, No. 5, 743-752, May 1998.
doi:10.1109/4.668989

14. Decanis, U., A. Ghilioni, E. Monico, A. Mazzanti, and F. Svelto, "A low-noise quadrature VCO based on magnetically coupled resonators and a wideband frequency divider at millimeter waves," IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 46, No. 12, 2943-2955, Dec. 2011.
doi:10.1109/JSSC.2011.2162468

15. Groves, R. A. and D. K. Jadus, "Switched inductor/varactor tuning circuit having a variable integrated inductor,", US Patent No. 6,549,096, Apr. 15, 2003.

16. Rais-Zadeh, M., P. A. Kohl, and F. Ayazi, "MEMS switched tunable inductors," Journal of Microelectromechanical Systems, Vol. 17, No. 1, 78-84, 2008.
doi:10.1109/JMEMS.2007.910257

17. Demirkan, M., S. P. Bruss, and R. R. Spencer, "Design of wide tuning-range CMOS VCOs using switched coupled-inductors," IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 43, No. 5, 1156-1163, 2008.
doi:10.1109/JSSC.2008.920346

18. Kossel, M., T. Morf, J. Weiss, P. Buchmann, C. Menolfi, T. Toifl, and M. L. Schmatz, "LC PLL with 1.2-octave locking range based on mutual-inductance switching in 45-nm SOI CMOS," IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 44, No. 2, 436-449, 2009.
doi:10.1109/JSSC.2008.2011041

19. Wen, C.-Y., E. K. Chua, R. Zhao, T. X. Chong, J. A. Bain, and T. E. Schlesinger, "A phase-change via-reconfigurable on-chip inductor," Proc. 2010 IEEE International Electron Devices Meeting (IEDM), 10.3.1-10.3.4, Dec. 6-8, 2010.

20. Salvia, J., J. A. Bain, and C. P. Yue, "Tunable on-chip inductors up to 5 GHz using patterned permalloy laminations," IEEE International Electronic Devices Meeting (IEDM) Technical Digest, 943-946, Dec. 2005.

21. Ning, N., X. P. Li, J. Fan, W. C. Ng, Y. P. Xu, X. Qian, and H. L. Seet, "A tunable magnetic inductor," IEEE Trans. Magnetics, Vol. 42, No. 5, 1585-1590, May 2006.
doi:10.1109/TMAG.2006.870651