volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

Aiming at the operational stability of DC-biased transformer, a multi-parameter correlation method based on electromagnetic coupling is presented in this paper. The mode-state analysis scheme is designed, and the feature parameters of electromagnetic, mechanical, and acoustic fields in internal components are simulated and analyzed. The electromagnetic properties under DC bias are simulated by the electromagnetic model, thus the winding current and magnetic flux density are extracted as the feature parameters. Then the vibration and stress distribution can be solved by the mechanical model, which are treated as the feature parametersof the mechanical field. By utilizing the computed mechanical information as excitation, the spatial-temporal distribution of sound pressure can be obtained in the acoustic model. Taking three-phase three-limb transformer and three-phase group transformer as examples, the electromagnetic, mechanical, and acoustic parameters of components are analyzed under different conditions. The variations of feature parameters are summarized and contrasted. Furthermore, actual vibration and noise parameters are measured through dynamic experimental platforms. The effectiveness of the multi-parameter correlation method is verified by the consistency between simulation and experiments, and the unobservable abnormal physical features can be represented by observable electrical information.

1. Zhao, X. J., Z. M. Jin, G. Wang, and F. Xiao, "Analysis of three-phase three-limb transformer under asymmetrical DC bias by using frequency-domain decomposition based on complex exponential," Proc. CSEE, Vol. 39, No. 4, 1206-1215, Feb. 2019.

2. Wang, Aimin, Sheng Lin, Ziheng Hu, Junyi Li, Feng Wang, Guoxing Wu, and Zhengyou He, "Evaluation model of DC current distribution in AC power systems caused by stray current of DC metro systems," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 36, No. 1, 114-123, Feb. 2021.
doi:10.1109/TPWRD.2020.2975367

3. Pan, Zhuohong, Xiaomao Wang, Bo Tan, Lin Zhu, Yong Liu, Yilu Liu, and Xishan Wen, "Potential compensation method for restraining the DC bias of transformers during HVDC monopolar operation," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 31, No. 1, 103-111, Feb. 2016.
doi:10.1109/TPWRD.2015.2438853

4. Canturk, Sevket, Murat E. Balci, M. Hakan Hocaoglu, and A. Kerem Koseoglu, "Investigation of the effects of DC bias on single-phase shell type transformers using frequency-dependent reluctance-based model," IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 57, No. 9, 1-9, Sep. 2021.

5. Chen, Zhiwei, Hongmei Li, Liuwen Liu, Li Xiang, and Baodong Bai, "Dc bias treatment of hybrid type transformer based on magnetic flux modulation mechanism," IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 55, No. 6, 1-4, Jun. 2019.

6. Xie, Zhicheng, Xiangning Lin, Zheyuan Zhang, Zhengtian Li, Weihong Xiong, Huan Hu, Muhammad Shoaib Khalid, and Owolabi Sunday Adio, "Advanced DC bias suppression strategy based on finite DC blocking devices," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 32, No. 6, 2500-2509, Dec. 2017.
doi:10.1109/TPWRD.2017.2649582

7. Li, Xiaoping, Xishan Wen, Penn N. Markham, and Yilu Liu, "Analysis of nonlinear characteristics for a three-phase, five-limb transformer under DC bias," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 25, No. 4, 2504-2510, Oct. 2010.
doi:10.1109/TPWRD.2010.2052837

8. Chen, Dezhi, Bingqiang Hou, Zhiyu Feng, and Baodong Bai, "Study of magnetostriction influence of electrical sheet steel under different DC biases," IEEE Transactions on Magnetics, Vol. 55, No. 2, 1-5, Feb. 2019.
doi:10.1109/TMAG.2018.2873785

9. He, Jinliang, Zhanqing Yu, Rong Zeng, and Bo Zhang, "Vibration and audible noise characteristics of AC transformer caused by HVDC system under monopole operation," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 27, No. 4, 1835-1842, Oct. 2012.
doi:10.1109/TPWRD.2012.2205409

10. Hu, Jingzhu, Dichen Liu, Qingfen Liao, Y. Yan, and S. Liang, "Analysis of transformer electromagnetic vibration noise based on finite element method," Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, Vol. 31, No. 15, 81-88, Aug. 2016.

11. Zhu, Lihua, Qingxin Yang, Rongge Yan, and Xian Zhan, "Research on vibration and noise of power transformer cores including magnetostriction effects," Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, Vol. 28, No. 4, 1-6, Apr. 2013.

12. Li, B., Z. Z. Wang, X. J. Zhao, H. B. Liu, H. M. Li, and J. B. Liu, "Experimental on vibro-acoustic characteristic of 500kV three-phase group transformer under DC-bias," Transactions of China Electrotechnical Society, Vol. 36, No. 13, 2801-2811, Jul. 2021.

13. Zhao, Xiaojun, Junwei Lu, Lin Li, Zhiguang Cheng, and Tiebing Lu, "Analysis of the DC bias phenomenon by the harmonic balance finite-element method," IEEE Transactions on Power Delivery, Vol. 26, No. 1, 475-485, Jan. 2011.
doi:10.1109/TPWRD.2010.2056709

14. Liu, Xingmou, Jiaxin Wu, Haibo Lin, Ammad Jadoon, and Jing Wang, "Research on DC bias analysis for transformer based on vibration Hilbert Huang transform and ground-state energy ratio method," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 109, 73-82, Jul. 2019.
doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2019.01.048

15. Pan, Chao, Chengjian Wang, Ziming Liu, and Xiang Chen, "Winding vibration analysis of unbalanced transformer based on electromagnetic-mechanical coupling," International Journal of Electrical Power & Energy Systems, Vol. 134, Jan. 2022.
doi:10.1016/j.ijepes.2021.107459

16. Zhang, Fan, Shengchang Ji, Lakshitha Naranpanawe, Hui Ma, Chandima Ekanayake, Tapan Saha, and Lingyu Zhu, "Investigation of overall and local vibration characteristics of disk-type windings," IET Generation Transmission & Distribution, Vol. 14, No. 18, 3685-3691, Sep. 2020.
doi:10.1049/iet-gtd.2019.0756

17. Chao, Pan, X. Chen, and G. Cai, "Mode-state characteristics of three-phase unbalanced operation winding vibration of transformer based on electromagnetic mechanical coupling principle," Proceedings of the CSEE, Vol. 40, No. 14, 4695-4707, Jul. 2020.

18. Ben, T., F. Chen, and L. Chen, "An improved magnetostrictive model of non-oriented electrical steel sheet considering force-magnetic coupling effect," Proceedings of the CSEE, Vol. 41, 5261-5370, Aug. 2021.

19. Chen, Zhiwei, Qipei Zhou, Guocheng Ding, XingWang Wu, Jie Wu, and Yujiao Zhang, "Influence of magnetic state variation on transformer core vibration characteristics and its measurement," IEEE Transactions on Instrumentation and Measurement, Vol. 71, 1-8, 2022.
doi:10.1109/TIM.2022.3186377

20. Tanzer, Thomas, Helmut Pregartner, Markus Riedenbauer, Robert Labinsky, Michael Witlatschil, Annette Muetze, and Klaus Krischan, "Magnetostriction of electrical steel and its relation to the no-load noise of power transformers," IEEE Transactions on Industry Applications, Vol. 54, No. 5, 4306-4314, Sep.-Oct. 2018.
doi:10.1109/TIA.2018.2840977

21. "Power transformers-Part 10: Determination of sound levels," International Standard, IEC 60076-10, 2001.

Dr. Chao Pan

Mr. Xiaobo Shi

Dr. Tongrui Fu

Dr. Jingge An