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PIER PIER B PIER C PIER M PIER Letters
2012-09-16
Electromagnetic Fields of a Short Electric Dipole in Free Space – Revisited
By
Gerald Cooray,

    Dr. Gerald Cooray

    Karolinska Inst

    Sweden

    Homepage

Vernon Cooray

    Professor Vernon Cooray

    Division for Electricity

    Uppsala University

    Sweden

    Homepage

Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 131, 357-373, 2012
doi:10.2528/PIER12071601
Abstract
Maxwell's equations specify that electromagnetic fields are generated by accelerating charges. However, the electromagnetic fields of an accelerating charge are seldom used to derive the electromagnetic fields of radiating systems. In this paper, the equations pertinent to the electromagnetic fields generated by accelerating charges are utilized to evaluate the electromagnetic fields of a current path of length l for the case when a pulse of current propagates with constant velocity. According to these equations, radiation is generated only at the end points of the channel where charges are being accelerated or decelerated. The electromagnetic fields of a short dipole are extracted from these equations when r>>l, where r is the distance to the point of observation. The speed of propagation of the pulse enters into the electromagnetic fields only in the terms that are second order in l and they can be neglected in the dipole approximation. The results illustrate how the radiation fields emanating from the two ends of the dipole give rise to field terms varying as 1/r and 1/r2, while the time-variant stationary charges at the ends of the dipole contribute to field terms varying as 1/r2 and 1/r3.
Citation
Gerald Cooray, and Vernon Cooray, "Electromagnetic Fields of a Short Electric Dipole in Free Space – Revisited," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 131, 357-373, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIER12071601
References

1. Pannofsky, , W. K. H., M. Phillips, and , "Classical Electricity and Magnetism, ," Addison-Wesley, , 1962.

2. Thottappillil, , R., V. A. Rakov, and , "On different approaches to calculating lightning electric fields," Journal of Geophysical Research,, Vol. 106, 14191-14205, 2001.
doi:10.1029/2001JD900150

3. Cooray, , V., G. Cooray, and , "The electromagnetic fields of an accelerating charge: Applications in lightning return stroke models," IEEE Transactions on Electromagnetic Compatibility, Vol. 52, 944-955, , 2010..
doi:10.1109/TEMC.2010.2063029

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