Search search
submit Submit
Publication Date
to
Vol. 126
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIER 180 [2024] PIER 179 [2024] PIER 178 [2023] PIER 177 [2023] PIER 176 [2023] PIER 175 [2022] PIER 174 [2022] PIER 173 [2022] PIER 172 [2021] PIER 171 [2021] PIER 170 [2021] PIER 169 [2020] PIER 168 [2020] PIER 167 [2020] PIER 166 [2019] PIER 165 [2019] PIER 164 [2019] PIER 163 [2018] PIER 162 [2018] PIER 161 [2018] PIER 160 [2017] PIER 159 [2017] PIER 158 [2017] PIER 157 [2016] PIER 156 [2016] PIER 155 [2016] PIER 154 [2015] PIER 153 [2015] PIER 152 [2015] PIER 151 [2015] PIER 150 [2015] PIER 149 [2014] PIER 148 [2014] PIER 147 [2014] PIER 146 [2014] PIER 145 [2014] PIER 144 [2014] PIER 143 [2013] PIER 142 [2013] PIER 141 [2013] PIER 140 [2013] PIER 139 [2013] PIER 138 [2013] PIER 137 [2013] PIER 136 [2013] PIER 135 [2013] PIER 134 [2013] PIER 133 [2013] PIER 132 [2012] PIER 131 [2012] PIER 130 [2012] PIER 129 [2012] PIER 128 [2012] PIER 127 [2012] PIER 126 [2012] PIER 125 [2012] PIER 124 [2012] PIER 123 [2012] PIER 122 [2012] PIER 121 [2011] PIER 120 [2011] PIER 119 [2011] PIER 118 [2011] PIER 117 [2011] PIER 116 [2011] PIER 115 [2011] PIER 114 [2011] PIER 113 [2011] PIER 112 [2011] PIER 111 [2011] PIER 110 [2010] PIER 109 [2010] PIER 108 [2010] PIER 107 [2010] PIER 106 [2010] PIER 105 [2010] PIER 104 [2010] PIER 103 [2010] PIER 102 [2010] PIER 101 [2010] PIER 100 [2010] PIER 99 [2009] PIER 98 [2009] PIER 97 [2009] PIER 96 [2009] PIER 95 [2009] PIER 94 [2009] PIER 93 [2009] PIER 92 [2009] PIER 91 [2009] PIER 90 [2009] PIER 89 [2009] PIER 88 [2008] PIER 87 [2008] PIER 86 [2008] PIER 85 [2008] PIER 84 [2008] PIER 83 [2008] PIER 82 [2008] PIER 81 [2008] PIER 80 [2008] PIER 79 [2008] PIER 78 [2008] PIER 77 [2007] PIER 76 [2007] PIER 75 [2007] PIER 74 [2007] PIER 73 [2007] PIER 72 [2007] PIER 71 [2007] PIER 70 [2007] PIER 69 [2007] PIER 68 [2007] PIER 67 [2007] PIER 66 [2006] PIER 65 [2006] PIER 64 [2006] PIER 63 [2006] PIER 62 [2006] PIER 61 [2006] PIER 60 [2006] PIER 59 [2006] PIER 58 [2006] PIER 57 [2006] PIER 56 [2006] PIER 55 [2005] PIER 54 [2005] PIER 53 [2005] PIER 52 [2005] PIER 51 [2005] PIER 50 [2005] PIER 49 [2004] PIER 48 [2004] PIER 47 [2004] PIER 46 [2004] PIER 45 [2004] PIER 44 [2004] PIER 43 [2003] PIER 42 [2003] PIER 41 [2003] PIER 40 [2003] PIER 39 [2003] PIER 38 [2002] PIER 37 [2002] PIER 36 [2002] PIER 35 [2002] PIER 34 [2001] PIER 33 [2001] PIER 32 [2001] PIER 31 [2001] PIER 30 [2001] PIER 29 [2000] PIER 28 [2000] PIER 27 [2000] PIER 26 [2000] PIER 25 [2000] PIER 24 [1999] PIER 23 [1999] PIER 22 [1999] PIER 21 [1999] PIER 20 [1998] PIER 19 [1998] PIER 18 [1998] PIER 17 [1997] PIER 16 [1997] PIER 15 [1997] PIER 14 [1996] PIER 13 [1996] PIER 12 [1996] PIER 11 [1995] PIER 10 [1995] PIER 09 [1994] PIER 08 [1994] PIER 07 [1993] PIER 06 [1992] PIER 05 [1991] PIER 04 [1991] PIER 03 [1990] PIER 02 [1990] PIER 01 [1989]
All Journals
PIER PIER B PIER C PIER M PIER Letters
2012-04-02
Adaptive Sampling in Multilevel Plane Wave Based Near-Field Far-Field Transformed Planar Near-Field Measurements
By
Muhammad Ayyaz Qureshi,

    Mr. Muhammad Ayyaz Qureshi

    Technische Universitat Munchen

    Lehrstuhl fur Hochfrequenztechnik

    Germany

    Homepage

Carsten H. Schmidt,

    Dr. Carsten H. Schmidt

    Lehrstuhl für Hochfrequenztechnik

    Technische Univerität München

    Germany

    Homepage

Thomas F. Eibert

    Dr. Thomas F. Eibert

    Lehrstuhl für Hochfrequenztechnik

    Technische Univerität München

    Germany

    Homepage

Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 126, 481-497, 2012
doi:10.2528/PIER12020804
Abstract
An adaptive approach to minimize acquisition time in planar near-field antenna measurements is described. In contrast to the traditional planar near-field scanning, the presented technique acquires the near-field in form of rectangular rings and skips sampling points in smoothly varying near-field regions. Abrupt changes in the near-field are detected by comparing extrapolated and measured near-field values at coarser sampling points. A decision function based on the signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) of the measured value is used to determine the threshold difference between the measured and the extrapolated near-field values for skipping the sampling point. Near-field data thus collected on the resultant irregular grid is processed using the multilevel plane wave based near-field far-field transformation algorithm. The multilevel transformation algorithm is computationally efficient and capable of handling data collected on irregular grids. A rigorous analysis of the adaptive data acquisition approach is then performed in terms of transformed far-field accuracy, decision factor, and test time reduction. Several test cases covering a variety of antennas are shown using synthetic as well as measured data for realistic results. Afterwards the acquisition time for the worst case scenario is compared with the traditional planar near-field measurement technique.
Citation
Muhammad Ayyaz Qureshi, Carsten H. Schmidt, and Thomas F. Eibert, "Adaptive Sampling in Multilevel Plane Wave Based Near-Field Far-Field Transformed Planar Near-Field Measurements," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 126, 481-497, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIER12020804
References

1. Hansen, J., Spherical Near-field Antenna Measurements, IEEE Electromagnetic Wave Series 26, UK, 1988.
doi:10.1049/PBEW026E

2. Yaghjian, A. D., "Near-field antenna measurements on a cylindrical surface: A source scattering-matrix formulation," National Bureau of Standards, Tech. Note 696, Boulder, 1977.

3. Kerns, D., "Plane-wave scattering-matrix theory of antennas and antenna-antenna interactions,", National Bureau of Standards, Boulder, CO, 1981.

4. Sarkar, T. K. and A. Taaghol, "Near-field to near-/far-field transformation for arbitrary near-field geometry utilizing an equivalent electric current and MoM ," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 47, No. 3, 566-573, 2002.
doi:10.1109/8.768793

5. Schmidt, C. H., M. M. Leibfritz, and T. F. Eibert, "Fully probe corrected near-field far-field transformation employing plane wave expansion and diagonal translation operators ," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 56, No. 3, 737-746, 2008.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2008.916975

6. Yaghjian, A. D., "An overview of near-field antenna measurements," IEEE Trans. Ant. Propag., Vol. 34, No. 1, 30-45, 1986.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1986.1143727

7. Newell, A. C., "Error analysis techniques for planar near-field measurements," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 36, No. 6, 754-768, 1988.
doi:10.1109/8.1177

8. Petre, P. and T. K. Sarkar, "Planar near-field to far-field transformation using an equivalent magnetic current approach," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 40, No. 11, 1348-1356, 1992.
doi:10.1109/8.202712

9. Petre, P. and T. K. Sarkar, "Differences between modal expansion and intergral equation methods for planar near-field to far-field transformation ," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 12, 37-56, 1996.

10. Bucci, O. M. and M. D. Migliore, "A new method for avoiding the truncation error in near-field measurements," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 54, No. 10, 2940-2952, 2006.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2006.882151

11. Stark, H. and Y. Yang, Vector Space Projections: A Numerical Approach to Signal and Image Processing, Neural Nets, and Optics, Wiley-Interscience, 1988.

12. Martini, E., O. Breinbjerg, and S. Maci, "Reduction of truncation errors in planar near-field aperture antenna measurements using the Gerchberg-Papoulis algorithm ," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 56, No. 11, 3485-3493, 2008.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2008.2005442

13. Bucci, O. M., F. D'Agostino, C. Gennarelli, G. Riccio, and C. Savarese, "NF-FF transformation with plane-polar scanning: ellipsoidal modelling of the antenna," Automatika, Vol. 41, 159-164, 2000.

14. D'Agostino, F., F. Ferrara, C. Gennarelli, R. Guerriero, and M. Migliozzi, "An effective NF-FF transformation technique with planar spiral scanning tailored for quasi-planar antennas ," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 56, No. 9, 2981-2987, 2008.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2008.928786

15. D'Agostino, F., F. Ferrara, C. Gennarelli, R. Guerriero, and G. Riccio, "An effective technique for reducing the truncation error in the near-field-far-field transformation with plane-polar scanning," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 73, 213-238, 2007.
doi:10.2528/PIER07032202

16. Ferrara, F., C. Gennarelli, R. Guerriero, G. Riccio, and C. Savarese, "An efficient near-field to far-field transformation using the planar widemesh scanning ," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 21, No. 3, 341-357, 2007.
doi:10.1163/156939307779367404

17. D'Agostino, F., F. Ferrara, C. Gennarelli, R. Guerriero, G. Riccio, and C. Savarese , "An efficient technique to lower the error due to the truncation of the scanning region in a bipolar facility," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 49, No. 12, 3033-3037, 2007.
doi:10.1002/mop.22936

18. Van Rensburg, D. J., D. McNamara, and G. Parsons, "Adaptive acquisition techniques for planar near-field antenna measurements," 33rd Annual AMTA Sympos., Denver, CO, 2011.

19. Qureshi, M. A., C. H. Schmidt, and T. F. Eibert, "Planar near-field measurement error analysis for multilevel plane wave based near-field far-field transformation," 33rd Annual AMTA Symposium, Denver, CO, 2011.

20. Schmidt, C. H. and T. F. Eibert, "Multilevel plane wave based near-field far-field transformation for electrically large antennas in free-space or above material halfspace," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 57, No. 5, 1382-1390, 2009.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2009.2016699

21. Newell, A. C. and M. L. Crawford, "Planar near-field measurements on high performance array antennas,", National Bureau of Standards, NBSIR 74-380, 1974.

22. Yaghjian, A. D., "Upper-bound errors in far-field antenna parameters determined from planar near-field measurements, Part 1: Analysis ,", National Bureau of Standards, Tech. Note 667, 1975.

23. Coifman, R., V. Rokhlin, and S. Wandzura, "The fast multipole method for the wave-equation: A pedestrian prescription," IEEE Antennas Propag. Mag., Vol. 35, No. 3, 7-12, 1993.
doi:10.1109/74.250128

24. Saad, Y., Iterative Methods for Sparse Linear Systems, 2nd Edition, Society of Industrial and Applied Mathematics, 2003.
doi:10.1137/1.9780898718003

25. Schmidt, C. H., D. T. Schobert, and T. F. Eibert, "Electric dipole based synthetic data generation for probe-corrected near-field measurements," 5th European Conference on Antenna and Propagation, Rome, Italy, 2011.

Download Full Article (361) View Full Article volume
The EM Academy piers.org jpier.org Who's Who in EM
Copyright © 2022 The Electromagnetics Academy. All Rights Reserved.