Vol. 92
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIER 180 [2024] PIER 179 [2024] PIER 178 [2023] PIER 177 [2023] PIER 176 [2023] PIER 175 [2022] PIER 174 [2022] PIER 173 [2022] PIER 172 [2021] PIER 171 [2021] PIER 170 [2021] PIER 169 [2020] PIER 168 [2020] PIER 167 [2020] PIER 166 [2019] PIER 165 [2019] PIER 164 [2019] PIER 163 [2018] PIER 162 [2018] PIER 161 [2018] PIER 160 [2017] PIER 159 [2017] PIER 158 [2017] PIER 157 [2016] PIER 156 [2016] PIER 155 [2016] PIER 154 [2015] PIER 153 [2015] PIER 152 [2015] PIER 151 [2015] PIER 150 [2015] PIER 149 [2014] PIER 148 [2014] PIER 147 [2014] PIER 146 [2014] PIER 145 [2014] PIER 144 [2014] PIER 143 [2013] PIER 142 [2013] PIER 141 [2013] PIER 140 [2013] PIER 139 [2013] PIER 138 [2013] PIER 137 [2013] PIER 136 [2013] PIER 135 [2013] PIER 134 [2013] PIER 133 [2013] PIER 132 [2012] PIER 131 [2012] PIER 130 [2012] PIER 129 [2012] PIER 128 [2012] PIER 127 [2012] PIER 126 [2012] PIER 125 [2012] PIER 124 [2012] PIER 123 [2012] PIER 122 [2012] PIER 121 [2011] PIER 120 [2011] PIER 119 [2011] PIER 118 [2011] PIER 117 [2011] PIER 116 [2011] PIER 115 [2011] PIER 114 [2011] PIER 113 [2011] PIER 112 [2011] PIER 111 [2011] PIER 110 [2010] PIER 109 [2010] PIER 108 [2010] PIER 107 [2010] PIER 106 [2010] PIER 105 [2010] PIER 104 [2010] PIER 103 [2010] PIER 102 [2010] PIER 101 [2010] PIER 100 [2010] PIER 99 [2009] PIER 98 [2009] PIER 97 [2009] PIER 96 [2009] PIER 95 [2009] PIER 94 [2009] PIER 93 [2009] PIER 92 [2009] PIER 91 [2009] PIER 90 [2009] PIER 89 [2009] PIER 88 [2008] PIER 87 [2008] PIER 86 [2008] PIER 85 [2008] PIER 84 [2008] PIER 83 [2008] PIER 82 [2008] PIER 81 [2008] PIER 80 [2008] PIER 79 [2008] PIER 78 [2008] PIER 77 [2007] PIER 76 [2007] PIER 75 [2007] PIER 74 [2007] PIER 73 [2007] PIER 72 [2007] PIER 71 [2007] PIER 70 [2007] PIER 69 [2007] PIER 68 [2007] PIER 67 [2007] PIER 66 [2006] PIER 65 [2006] PIER 64 [2006] PIER 63 [2006] PIER 62 [2006] PIER 61 [2006] PIER 60 [2006] PIER 59 [2006] PIER 58 [2006] PIER 57 [2006] PIER 56 [2006] PIER 55 [2005] PIER 54 [2005] PIER 53 [2005] PIER 52 [2005] PIER 51 [2005] PIER 50 [2005] PIER 49 [2004] PIER 48 [2004] PIER 47 [2004] PIER 46 [2004] PIER 45 [2004] PIER 44 [2004] PIER 43 [2003] PIER 42 [2003] PIER 41 [2003] PIER 40 [2003] PIER 39 [2003] PIER 38 [2002] PIER 37 [2002] PIER 36 [2002] PIER 35 [2002] PIER 34 [2001] PIER 33 [2001] PIER 32 [2001] PIER 31 [2001] PIER 30 [2001] PIER 29 [2000] PIER 28 [2000] PIER 27 [2000] PIER 26 [2000] PIER 25 [2000] PIER 24 [1999] PIER 23 [1999] PIER 22 [1999] PIER 21 [1999] PIER 20 [1998] PIER 19 [1998] PIER 18 [1998] PIER 17 [1997] PIER 16 [1997] PIER 15 [1997] PIER 14 [1996] PIER 13 [1996] PIER 12 [1996] PIER 11 [1995] PIER 10 [1995] PIER 09 [1994] PIER 08 [1994] PIER 07 [1993] PIER 06 [1992] PIER 05 [1991] PIER 04 [1991] PIER 03 [1990] PIER 02 [1990] PIER 01 [1989]
2009-04-28
Prediction of Radome Bore-Sight Errors Using a Projected Image of Source Distributions
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 92, 181-194, 2009
Abstract
In this paper, a calculation method for bore sight error voltages is presented for aperture antennas enclosed in radomes of arbitrary shapes. The method adopts a ray tracing technique frequently used in computer graphics field in constructing two dimensional computer graphics images to obtain a projected image of source distribution, thereby bore sight error voltages and far field radiation patterns are calculated fast and accurately. Besides, the method enables us to use various acceleration schemes used in computer graphics readily. Numerical calculations show that projected source images with a resolution higher than 0.1λ and multiple reflections taken into account produce reliable results. The validity of the method is verified by comparison with results of an analytic solution.
Citation
Haeng-Seon Lee, and Haesung Park, "Prediction of Radome Bore-Sight Errors Using a Projected Image of Source Distributions," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 92, 181-194, 2009.
doi:10.2528/PIER09033105
References

1. Tricoles, D., "Radiation patterns and boresight error of a microwave antenna enclosed in an axially symmetric dielectric shell," Journal of the Optical Society of America, Vol. 54, No. 9, 1094-1101, September 1964.
doi:10.1364/JOSA.54.001094

2. Paris, D. T., "Computer-aided radome analysis," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propag., Vol. 18, No. 1, 7-15, January 1970.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1970.1139614

3. Siwiak, K., T. B. Dowling, and L. R. Lewis, "Boresight errors induced by missile radomes ," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propag., Vol. 27, No. 6, 832-841, November 1979.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1979.1142193

4. Burks, D. G., E. R. Graf, and M. D. Fahey, "A high-frequency analysis of radome-induced radar pointing error," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propag., Vol. 30, No. 5, 947-955, 1982.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1982.1142914

5. Gao, X. J. and L. B. Felsen, "Complex ray analysis of beam transmission through two-dimensional radomes," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propag., Vol. 33, No. 9, 963-975, September 1985.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1985.1143711

6. Orta, R., R. Tascone, and R. Zich, "Performance degradation of dielectric radome covered antennas," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propag., Vol. 36, No. 12, December 1988.
doi:10.1109/8.14392

7. Abdel Moneum, M. A., Z. Shen, J. L. Volakis, and O. Graham, "Hybrid PO-MOM analysis of large axis-symmetric radomes," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propag., Vol. 49, No. 12, 1657-1666, December 2001.
doi:10.1109/8.982444

8. Gordon, R. K. and R. Mittra, "Finite element analysis of axisymmetric radomes," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propag., Vol. 41, No. 7, 975-981, July 1993.
doi:10.1109/8.237631

9. Lu, C. C., "A fast algorithm based on volume integral equation for analysis of arbitrarily shaped dielectric radomes ," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propag., Vol. 51, No. 3, 606-612, March 2003.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2003.809823

10. Nie, X. C., Y. B. Gan, N. Yuan, C. F. Wang, and L. W. Li, "An efficient hybrid method for analysis of slot arrays enclosed by a large radome," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 20, No. 2, 249-264, 2006.
doi:10.1163/156939306775777215

11. Pavacic, A. P., D. L. del Rio, J. R. Mosig, and G. V. Eleftheriades, "Three-dimensional ray-tracing to model internal reflections in off-axis lens antennas," IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propag., Vol. 54, No. 2, 604-612, February 2006.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2005.863143

12. Zou, Y., Q. Z. Liu, and J. Guo, "Fast analysis of body of revolution radomes with method of moments," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 21, No. 13, 1803-1817, 2007.

13. Oguzer, T. and A. Altintas, "Free content analysis of the nonconcentric reflector antenna-in-radome system by the iterative reflector antenna and radome interaction," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 21, No. 1, 57-70, 2007.
doi:10.1163/156939307779391696

14. Sukharevsky, O. I. and V. A. Vasilets, "Scattering of reflector antenna with conic dielectric radome," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 4, 159-169, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERB08011404

15. Hemon, R., P. Pouliguen, H. He, J. Saillard, and J. F. Damiens, "Computation of EM field scattered by an open-ended cavity and by a cavity under radome using the iterative physical optics," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 80, 77-105, 2008.

16. Meng, H. F. and W. B. Do, "A hybrid method for the analysis of radome-enclosed horn antenna," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 90, 219-233, 2009.

17. Whitted, T., "An improved illumination model for shaded display," Communications of the ACM, Vol. 23, No. 6, 343-349, June 1980.
doi:10.1145/358876.358882

18. Ling, H., R. C. Chou, and S. W. Lee, "Shooting and bouncing rays: Calculating the RCS of an arbitrary shaped cavity," IEEE Trans. Antennas and Propag., Vol. 37, No. 2, 194-2005, Feb. 1999.
doi:10.1109/8.18706

19. Liang, C. H., Z. L. Liu, and H. Di, "Study on the blockage of electromagnetic rays analytically," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 1, 253-268, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERB07102902

20. Wang, S., H. B. Lim, and E. P. Li, "An efficient ray-tracing method for analysis and design of electromagnetic shielded room systems," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 19, No. 15, 2059-2071, 2005.
doi:10.1163/156939305775570503

21. Chen, C. H., C. L. Liu, C. C. Chiu, and T. M. Hu, "Ultrawide band channel calculation by SBR/Image techniques for indoor communication ," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 20, No. 1, 41-51, 2006.
doi:10.1163/156939306775777387

22. Kuroda, S., Y. Inasawa, Y. Konishi, and S. Makino, "Radar cross section analysis considering multi-reflection inside a radome using SBR method," IEEE APS International Symposium, Vol. 4, 4503-4506, June 2004.

23. Li, L. W., M. S. Leong, L. Zhou, T. S. Yeo, and P. S. Kooi, "An open-ended circular waveguide with an infinite conducting flange covered by a dielectric hemispherical radome shell: Full wave analysis and Green dyadic," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, PIER 21, 221-245, 1999.

24. Li, L. W., M. S. Leong, L. Zhou, T. S. Yeo, and P. S. Kooi, "Improved analysis of antenna radiation from a circular aperture covered by a dielectric hemispherical radome shell," IEE Proceedings-Microwaves, Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 147, No. 2, 144-150, April 2000.
doi:10.1049/ip-map:20000217