Search search
submit Submit
Publication Date
to
Vol. 179
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIER 179 [2024] PIER 178 [2023] PIER 177 [2023] PIER 176 [2023] PIER 175 [2022] PIER 174 [2022] PIER 173 [2022] PIER 172 [2021] PIER 171 [2021] PIER 170 [2021] PIER 169 [2020] PIER 168 [2020] PIER 167 [2020] PIER 166 [2019] PIER 165 [2019] PIER 164 [2019] PIER 163 [2018] PIER 162 [2018] PIER 161 [2018] PIER 160 [2017] PIER 159 [2017] PIER 158 [2017] PIER 157 [2016] PIER 156 [2016] PIER 155 [2016] PIER 154 [2015] PIER 153 [2015] PIER 152 [2015] PIER 151 [2015] PIER 150 [2015] PIER 149 [2014] PIER 148 [2014] PIER 147 [2014] PIER 146 [2014] PIER 145 [2014] PIER 144 [2014] PIER 143 [2013] PIER 142 [2013] PIER 141 [2013] PIER 140 [2013] PIER 139 [2013] PIER 138 [2013] PIER 137 [2013] PIER 136 [2013] PIER 135 [2013] PIER 134 [2013] PIER 133 [2013] PIER 132 [2012] PIER 131 [2012] PIER 130 [2012] PIER 129 [2012] PIER 128 [2012] PIER 127 [2012] PIER 126 [2012] PIER 125 [2012] PIER 124 [2012] PIER 123 [2012] PIER 122 [2012] PIER 121 [2011] PIER 120 [2011] PIER 119 [2011] PIER 118 [2011] PIER 117 [2011] PIER 116 [2011] PIER 115 [2011] PIER 114 [2011] PIER 113 [2011] PIER 112 [2011] PIER 111 [2011] PIER 110 [2010] PIER 109 [2010] PIER 108 [2010] PIER 107 [2010] PIER 106 [2010] PIER 105 [2010] PIER 104 [2010] PIER 103 [2010] PIER 102 [2010] PIER 101 [2010] PIER 100 [2010] PIER 99 [2009] PIER 98 [2009] PIER 97 [2009] PIER 96 [2009] PIER 95 [2009] PIER 94 [2009] PIER 93 [2009] PIER 92 [2009] PIER 91 [2009] PIER 90 [2009] PIER 89 [2009] PIER 88 [2008] PIER 87 [2008] PIER 86 [2008] PIER 85 [2008] PIER 84 [2008] PIER 83 [2008] PIER 82 [2008] PIER 81 [2008] PIER 80 [2008] PIER 79 [2008] PIER 78 [2008] PIER 77 [2007] PIER 76 [2007] PIER 75 [2007] PIER 74 [2007] PIER 73 [2007] PIER 72 [2007] PIER 71 [2007] PIER 70 [2007] PIER 69 [2007] PIER 68 [2007] PIER 67 [2007] PIER 66 [2006] PIER 65 [2006] PIER 64 [2006] PIER 63 [2006] PIER 62 [2006] PIER 61 [2006] PIER 60 [2006] PIER 59 [2006] PIER 58 [2006] PIER 57 [2006] PIER 56 [2006] PIER 55 [2005] PIER 54 [2005] PIER 53 [2005] PIER 52 [2005] PIER 51 [2005] PIER 50 [2005] PIER 49 [2004] PIER 48 [2004] PIER 47 [2004] PIER 46 [2004] PIER 45 [2004] PIER 44 [2004] PIER 43 [2003] PIER 42 [2003] PIER 41 [2003] PIER 40 [2003] PIER 39 [2003] PIER 38 [2002] PIER 37 [2002] PIER 36 [2002] PIER 35 [2002] PIER 34 [2001] PIER 33 [2001] PIER 32 [2001] PIER 31 [2001] PIER 30 [2001] PIER 29 [2000] PIER 28 [2000] PIER 27 [2000] PIER 26 [2000] PIER 25 [2000] PIER 24 [1999] PIER 23 [1999] PIER 22 [1999] PIER 21 [1999] PIER 20 [1998] PIER 19 [1998] PIER 18 [1998] PIER 17 [1997] PIER 16 [1997] PIER 15 [1997] PIER 14 [1996] PIER 13 [1996] PIER 12 [1996] PIER 11 [1995] PIER 10 [1995] PIER 09 [1994] PIER 08 [1994] PIER 07 [1993] PIER 06 [1992] PIER 05 [1991] PIER 04 [1991] PIER 03 [1990] PIER 02 [1990] PIER 01 [1989]
All Journals
PIER PIER B PIER C PIER M PIER Letters
2024-06-22
Design of High-Performance Antenna System for High-Speed Railways
By
Wenrui Zheng,

    Dr. Wenrui Zheng

    School of Information and Communication Engineering

    Dalian University of Technology

    China

    Homepage

Hui Li

    Professor Hui Li

    Dalian University of Technology

    China

    Homepage

Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 179, 71-81, 2024
doi:10.2528/PIER24030701
Abstract
In this paper, a systematic and efficient method is proposed to collectively synthesize the pattern for multiple antennas on high-speed railways (HSRs) based on pixel structures and N-port network, achieving an overall omnidirectional circularly polarized (OCP) pattern over a broad elevation angle. The integration of flush-mounted antennas not only enhances communication quality but also eliminates the undesired aerodynamic drag. Network parameters and radiating features of the N-port network based on the pixel structures are firstly retained through full-wave simulations. Subsequently, without resorting to extra simulations, the configurations of multiple antennas are precisely synthesized through numerical calculations. The beam direction and beam width of each element can be automatically adjusted, promoting a seamless omnidirectional radiation feature. Following the approach, the proposed antenna thoroughly cover the 5G N41 band (2.515-2.675 GHz), delivering omnidirectional, high-gain, right-hand CP radiation throughout the entire 160 MHz band from θ = 50˚ to 100˚. The averaged CP gains and ARs reach 6.09 dBi and 2.36 dB, respectively, within the target region. The antenna system was validated experimentally, with the measured results agreeing well with the simulated ones. Such radiating characteristics perfectly match the established base stations antennas.
Citation
Wenrui Zheng, and Hui Li, "Design of High-Performance Antenna System for High-Speed Railways," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 179, 71-81, 2024.
doi:10.2528/PIER24030701
References

1. Noh, Gosan, Bing Hui, and Ilgyu Kim, "High speed train communications in 5G: Design elements to mitigate the impact of very high mobility," IEEE Wireless Communications, Vol. 27, No. 6, 98-106, Dec. 2020.

2. Zhang, Xiangfei, Yong Niu, Shiwen Mao, Yunlong Cai, Ruisi He, Bo Ai, Zhangdui Zhong, and Yiru Liu, "Resource allocation for millimeter-wave train-ground communications in high-speed railway scenarios," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 70, No. 5, 4823-4838, May 2021.

3. Li, Panpan, Yong Niu, Hao Wu, Zhu Han, Bo Ai, Ning Wang, and Zhangdui Zhong, "RIS-assisted scheduling for high-speed railway secure communications," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 72, No. 3, 3488-3501, Mar. 2023.

4. Gao, Meilin, Bo Ai, Yong Niu, Wen Wu, Peng Yang, Feng Lyu, and Xuemin Shen, "Efficient hybrid beamforming with anti-blockage design for high-speed railway communications," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 69, No. 9, 9643-9655, Sep. 2020.

5. Sindhuja, Patchaikani, Yoshihiko Kuwahara, Kiyotaka Kumaki, and Yoshiyuki Hiramatsu, "A design of vehicular GPS and LTE antenna considering the vehicular body effects," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 53, 75-87, 2014.

6. Khan, Bilal, Markus Berg, Seppo Rousu, and Aarno Pärssinen, "Beam switchable vehicular antenna for increased communication range," Progress In Electromagnetics Research M, Vol. 66, 203-213, 2018.

7. Paulraj, Arogyaswami J. and Constantinos B. Papadias, "Space-time processing for wireless communications," IEEE Signal Processing Magazine, Vol. 14, No. 6, 49-83, Nov. 1997.

8. Ai, Bo, Xiang Cheng, Thomas Kürner, Zhang-Dui Zhong, Ke Guan, Rui-Si He, Lei Xiong, David W. Matolak, David G. Michelson, and Cesar Briso-Rodriguez, "Challenges toward wireless communications for high-speed railway," IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Vol. 15, No. 5, 2143-2158, Oct. 2014.

9. He, Ruisi, Zhangdui Zhong, Bo Ai, and Jianwen Ding, "An empirical path loss model and fading analysis for high-speed railway viaduct scenarios," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 10, 808-812, 2011.

10. Unterhuber, Paul, Michael Walter, Uwe-Carsten Fiebig, and Thomas Kürner, "Stochastic channel parameters for train-to-train communications," IEEE Open Journal of Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 2, 778-792, 2021.

11. Ling, Jie, Xiaoyun Hou, Xinsheng Zhao, Jiamin Li, Dongming Wang, and Xiaohu You, "On the performance of a double-sided massive D-MIMO system for high-speed trains communications," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 72, No. 10, 13298-13313, Oct. 2023.

12. Zhou, Tao, Yuanyuan Qiao, Sana Salous, Liu Liu, and Cheng Tao, "Machine learning-based multipath components clustering and cluster characteristics analysis in high-speed railway scenarios," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 70, No. 6, 4027-4039, Jun. 2022.

13. Luo, Wantuan, Xuming Fang, Meng Cheng, and Yajun Zhao, "Efficient multiple-group multiple-antenna (MGMA) scheme for high-speed railway viaducts," IEEE Transactions on Vehicular Technology, Vol. 62, No. 6, 2558-2569, Jul. 2013.

14. Arya, Ashwini K., Soyul Han, and Sanghoek Kim, "Review of antennas for railway communications," Journal of Electromagnetic Engineering and Science, Vol. 23, No. 2, 90-100, 2023.
doi:10.26866/jees.2023.2.r.148

15. Zou, Liying, Zheng Li, Liu Liu, and Junhong Wang, "A design method for a leaky-wave system with uniform field coverage and broadside radiation for a vacuum-tube ultra-high-speed train," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 70, No. 10, 9936-9941, Oct. 2022.

16. Kwon, Oh-Yun, Reem Song, and Byung-Sung Kim, "A fully integrated shark-fin antenna for MIMO-LTE, GPS, WLAN, and WAVE applications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 17, No. 4, 600-603, Apr. 2018.

17. Navarro-Méndez, Diana V., Luis F. Carrera-Suárez, Daniel Sánchez-Escuderos, Marta Cabedo-Fabrés, Mariano Baquero-Escudero, Michele Gallo, and Daniel Zamberlan, "Wideband double monopole for mobile, WLAN, and C2C services in vehicular applications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 16, 16-19, 2017.

18. Cui, Jiaqian, Anxue Zhang, and Xiaoming Chen, "An omnidirectional multiband antenna for railway application," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 19, No. 1, 54-58, Jan. 2020.

19. Addali, Khaled M., Abderrahmane Benmimoune, Fawaz A. Khasawneh, Amamer M. Saied, and Michel Kadoch, "Dual-backhaul links in LTE-A mobile relay system for high-speed railways," 2016 IEEE 4th International Conference on Future Internet of Things and Cloud Workshops (FiCloudW), 98-102, Vienna, Austria, 2016.

20. Lin, Sheng-Hong, Youyun Xu, Lei Wang, and Jin-Yuan Wang, "Coverage analysis and chance-constrained optimization for HSR communications with carrier aggregation," IEEE Transactions on Intelligent Transportation Systems, Vol. 23, No. 9, 15107-15120, Sep. 2022.

21. Gao, Steven Shichang, Qi Luo, and Fuguo Zhu, Circularly Polarized Antennas, Wiley, Hoboken, NJ, USA, 2014.
doi:10.1002/9781118790526

22. Sakaguchi, K. and N. Hasebe, "A circularly polarized omnidirectional small helical antenna," 1995 Ninth International Conference on Antennas and Propagation, ICAP'95 (Conf. Publ. No. 407), Vol. 1, 492-495, Apr. 1995.

23. Li, Bo, Shao-Wei Liao, and Quan Xue, "Omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna combining monopole and loop radiators," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 12, 607-610, May 2013.

24. Pan, Yong Mei, Kwok Wa Leung, and Kai Lu, "Omnidirectional linearly and circularly polarized rectangular dielectric resonator antennas," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 60, No. 2, 751-759, Feb. 2012.

25. Shi, Jin, Xu Wu, Xianming Qing, and Zhi Ning Chen, "An omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna array," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 64, No. 2, 574-581, Feb. 2016.

26. Wu, Dan, Xi Chen, Long Yang, Guang Fu, and Xiaowei Shi, "Compact and low-profile omnidirectional circularly polarized antenna with four coupling arcs for UAV applications," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 16, 2919-2922, 2017.

27. Cellular network, https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Cellular_network.

28. Sugimura, Doppo, Maki Arai, Kei Sakaguchi, Kiyomichi Araki, and Takayuki Sotoyama, "A study on beam tilt angle of base station antennas for base station cooperation systems," 2011 IEEE 22nd International Symposium on Personal, Indoor and Mobile Radio Communications, 2374-2378, Toronto, ON, Canada, Sep. 2011.

29. Pringle, Lon N., Paul H. Harms, Stephen P. Blalock, Gregory N. Kiesel, Eric J. Kuster, Paul G. Friederich, Ronald J. Prado, John M. Morris, and Glenn S. Smith, "A reconfigurable aperture antenna based on switched links between electrically small metallic patches," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 52, No. 6, 1434-1445, Jun. 2004.

30. Rodrigo, Daniel, Bedri A. Cetiner, and Lluís Jofre, "Frequency, radiation pattern and polarization reconfigurable antenna using a parasitic pixel layer," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 62, No. 6, 3422-3427, Jun. 2014.

31. Besoli, Alfred Grau and Franco De Flaviis, "A multifunctional reconfigurable pixeled antenna using MEMS technology on printed circuit board," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 59, No. 12, 4413-4424, Dec. 2011.

32. Yuan, Xiaoyan, Zhouyuan Li, Daniel Rodrigo, Hema Swaroop Mopidevi, Oguz Kaynar, Lluís Jofre, and Bedri A. Cetiner, "A parasitic layer-based reconfigurable antenna design by multi-objective optimization," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 60, No. 6, 2690-2701, Jun. 2012.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2012.2194663

33. Li, Zhouyuan, Daniel Rodrigo, Luis Jofre, and Bedri A. Cetiner, "A new class of antenna array with a reconfigurable element factor," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 61, No. 4, 1947-1955, Apr. 2013.

34. Lotfi, Parisa, Saber Soltani, and Ross D. Murch, "Printed endfire beam-steerable pixel antenna," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 65, No. 8, 3913-3923, Aug. 2017.

35. Jiang, Fan, Shanpu Shen, Chi-Yuk Chiu, Zhen Zhang, Yujie Zhang, Qingsha S. Cheng, and Ross Murch, "Pixel antenna optimization based on perturbation sensitivity analysis," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 70, No. 1, 472-486, Jan. 2022.

36. Rao, Junhui, Yujie Zhang, Shiwen Tang, Zan Li, Shanpu Shen, Chi-Yuk Chiu, and Ross Murch, "A novel reconfigurable intelligent surface for wide-angle passive beamforming," IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 70, No. 12, 5427-5439, Dec. 2022.

37. Zhang, Yujie, Zixiang Han, Shiwen Tang, Shanpu Shen, Chi-Yuk Chiu, and Ross Murch, "A highly pattern-reconfigurable planar antenna with 360° single- and multi-beam steering," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 70, No. 8, 6490-6504, Aug. 2022.

38. Zheng, Wenrui and Hui Li, "Designing antennas with quasi-isotropic radiation patterns using pixel structures," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 71, No. 10, 7813-7823, Oct. 2023.

39. Zheng, Wenrui, Yongmei Pan, and Hui Li, "Synthesis of filtering terminal antennas based on N-port networks," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 71, No. 10, 8278-8283, Oct. 2023.

40. Soltani, Saber, Parisa Lotfi, and Ross D. Murch, "Design and optimization of multiport pixel antennas," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 66, No. 4, 2049-2054, Apr. 2018.

41. Jiang, Fan, Zhen Zhang, Min Li, Shanpu Shen, Chi-Yuk Chiu, Yujie Zhang, Qingsha S. Cheng, and Ross Murch, "Multiport pixel antenna optimization using characteristic mode analysis and sequential feeding port search," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 70, No. 10, 9160-9174, Oct. 2022.

42. Deb, Kalyanmoy, Amrit Pratap, Sameer Agarwal, and T. Meyarivan, "A fast and elitist multiobjective genetic algorithm: NSGA-II," IEEE Transactions on Evolutionary Computation, Vol. 6, No. 2, 182-197, Apr. 2002.

43. Yang, J. Ou, Q. R. Yuan, Fair Yang, H. J. Zhou, Z. P. Nie, and Z. Q. Zhao, "Synthesis of conformal phased array with improved NSGA-II algorithm," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 57, No. 12, 4006-4009, Dec. 2009.

44. Jayaprakasam, Suhanya, Sharul Kamal Abdul Rahim, Chee Yen Leow, Tiew On Ting, and Akaa A. Eteng, "Multiobjective beampattern optimization in collaborative beamforming via NSGA-II with selective distance," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 65, No. 5, 2348-2357, May 2017.

45. 5G frequency spectrum in China, https://www.everythingrf.com/community/5g-frequency-spectrum-in-china.

46. CST Studio Suite, Dearborn, MI, USA. CST Microwave Studio, CST Studio Suite, 2021.

47. Makarov, Sergey N., Antenna and EM Modeling with MATLAB, Wiley, New York, NY, USA, 2002.

Download Full Article (66) View Full Article volume
The EM Academy piers.org jpier.org Who's Who in EM
Copyright © 2022 The Electromagnetics Academy. All Rights Reserved.