volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

A new low cost method for implementing an Instantaneous Frequency Measurement (IFM) system is presented in this paper. The proposed method is based on dividing the incoming RF signal into four signals and filtering each one by an appropriate band-pass filter. The frequency is then estimated from the power level of the filtered signals. A closed form for the Standard Deviation (STD) and the bias of the frequency estimator is derived. A design example for an IFM system with a working frequency band of 2 to 4 GHz is presented with simulated and measured results. The design is implemented on a commercial FR-4(DE104) substrate using printed circuit board technology. Experiments in a laboratory show a maximum error of about 15 MHz in estimating the frequency value.

1. Liang, G. C., C. F. Shien, R. S. Withers, B. F. Cole, M. A. Johansson, and L. P. Suppan, "Superconductive digital instantaneous frequency measurement subsystem," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 41, No. 12, 2368-2375, Dec. 1993.
doi:10.1109/22.260730

2. Gruchala, H. and M. Czyzewski, "The instantaneous frequency measurement receiver in the complex electromagnetic environment," 15th Int. Microw. Radar Wireless Commun. Conf., Vol. 1, 155-158, May 17-19, 2004.

3. East, P. W., "Design techniques and performance of digital IFM," Proc. IEE, Pt. F, 154-163, 129, 1982.

4. East, P. W., "Fifty years of instantaneous frequency measurement," IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, Vol. 6, No. 2, 2012.
doi:10.1049/iet-rsn.2011.0177

5. Biehl, M., A. Vogt, R. Herwig, M. Neuhaus, E. Crocoll, R. Lochschmied, T. Scherer, and W. Jutzi, "A 4 bit instantaneous frequency meter at 10 GHz with coplanar YBCO delay lines," IEEE Applied Superconductivity, Vol. 5, No. 2, 1995.

6. De Oliveira, B. G. M., F. R. Le Silva, M. T. de Melo, and L. R. G. S. L. Novo, "A new coplanar interferometer for a 5-6 GHz instantaneous frequency measurement system," IEEE Microwave and Optoelectronic Conference, 2009.

7. De Souza, M. F. A., F. R. Le Silva, M. T. de Melo, and L. R .G. S. L. Novo, "Discriminator for instantaneous frequency measurement subsystem based on open-loop resonators," IEEE Microwave Theory and Techniques, Vol. 57, No. 9, Sep. 2009.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2009.2027179

8. Khramov, K., "The study of statistical characteristics of signals at their processing in logarithmic detector," Second International Scientific-Practical Conference Problems of Infocommunications, Science and Technology, 2015.

9. Moghe, S. B., S. Consolazio, and H. Fudem, "Electronic warfare II - Receivers," Gallium Arsenide Applications Handbook, Vol. 1, 203, 1995.

10. Tsui, J. B., Microwave Receivers with Electronic Warfare Applications, 189, SciTech Publishing Inc., 2005.

Mr. Hossam Badran

Dr. Mohammad Deeb