volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

Many algorithms exploiting the signal cyclostationarity have been shown to be effective in performing antenna array beamforming. However, these algorithms can not provide a unique weight vector for simultaneously extracting multiple signals of interest (SOIs) with distinct cycle frequencies (DCFs). They also suffer from severe performance degradation in the presence of a cycle frequency error (CFE). To simultaneously accommodate multiple SOIs with DCFs and alleviate the effects of cycle leakage due to finite data samples, we propose a cyclic sample matrix inversion (C-SMI) beamformer. To make the C-SMI beamformer robust against CFE, we present a novel objective function which is optimized by using a steepest-descent based algorithm to find the appropriate estimates of the true DCFs. The simulation results show the effectiveness of the robust C-SMI beamformer.

1. Monzingo, R. A. and T. W. Miller, Introduction to Adaptive Arrays, John Wiley, 1980.

2. Compton, Jr., R. T., Adaptive Antennas, Concepts, and Performance, Prentice Hall, 1989.

3. Agee, B. G., S. V. Schell, and W. A. Gardner, "Spectral self-coherence restoral: A new approach to blind adaptive signal extraction using antenna arrays," Proc. IEEE, Vol. 78, No. 4, 753-767, Apr. 1990.
doi:10.1109/5.54812

4. Gardner, W. A., "Spectral correlation of modulated signals: Part I --- Analog modulation," IEEE Trans. on Commun., Vol. 35, No. 6, 584-594, Jun. 1987.
doi:10.1109/TCOM.1987.1096820

5. Gardner, W., W. Brown, and C.-K. Chen, "Spectral correlation of modulated signals: Part II --- Digital modulation," IEEE Trans. on Commun., Vol. 35, No. 6, 595-601, Jun. 1987.
doi:10.1109/TCOM.1987.1096816

6. Wu, Q. and K. M. Wong, "Blind adaptive beamforming for cyclostationary signals," IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, Vol. 44, No. 11, 2757-2767, Nov. 1996.

7. Yu, S.-J., "Adaptive array beamforming for cyclostationary signals," IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagat., Vol. 44, No. 7, 943-953, Jul. 1996.

8. Lee, J.-H. and Y.-T. Lee, "Robust adaptive array beamforming for cyclostationary signals under cycle frequency error," IEEE Trans. on Antennas and Propagat., Vol. 47, No. 2, 233-241, Feb. 1999.
doi:10.1109/8.761062

9. Lee, J.-H., Y.-T. Lee, and W.-H. Shih, "Efficient robust adaptive beamforming for cyclostationary signals," IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, Vol. 48, No. 7, 1893-1901, Jul. 2000.

10. Tang, H., K. M. Wong, A. B. Gershman, and S. Vorobyov, "Blind adaptive beamforming for cyclostationary signals with robustness against cycle frequency mismatch," Proc. of IEEE Sensor Array and Multichannel Signal Processing Workshop, 18-22, Rosslyn, VA, USA, Aug. 2002.

11. Vorobyov, S. A., A. B. Gershman, and Z.-Q. Luo, "Robust adaptive beamforming using worst-case performance optimization: A solution to the signal mismatch problem," IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, Vol. 51, No. 2, 313-324, Feb. 2003.
doi:10.1109/TSP.2002.806865

12. Gardner, W. A., Statistical Spectral Analysis: A Nonprobabilistic Theory, Prentice Hall, 1988.

13. Gardner, W. A., "Exploitation of spectral redundancy in cyclostationary signals," IEEE Signal Processing Mag., 14-36, Apr. 1991.
doi:10.1109/79.81007

14. Wang, Z. and P. Stoica, "On robust Capon beamforming and diagonal loading," IEEE Trans. on Signal Processing, Vol. 51, No. 7, 1702-1715, Jul. 2003.

15. Lee, Y.-T. and J.-H. Lee, "Robust adaptive array beamforming with random error in cycle frequency," IEE Proc. Radar, Sonar and Navigation, Vol. 148, 193-199, Aug. 2001.
doi:10.1049/ip-rsn:20010425

16. Lin, D., J. Li, and P. Stoica, "Fully automatic computation of diagonal loading levels for robust adaptive beamforming," IEEE Trans. on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, Vol. 46, No. 1, 449-458, Jan. 2010.
doi:10.1109/TAES.2010.5417174

17. Li, Y., Y.-J. Gu, Z.-G. Shi, and K. S. Chen, "Robust adaptive beamforming based on particle filter with noise unknown," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 90, 151-169, 2009.
doi:10.2528/PIER09010302

18. Mallipeddi, R., J. P. Lie, P. N. Suganthan, S. G. Razul, and C. M. S. See, "Near optimal robust adaptive beamforming approach based on evolutionary algorithm," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 29, 157-174, 2011.

19. Mallipeddi, R., J. P. Lie, S. G. Razul, P. N. Suganthan, and C. M. S. See, "Robust adaptive beamforming based on covariance matrix reconstruction for look direction mismatch," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 25, 37-46, 2011.

20. Lee, J.-H., G.-W. Jung, and W.-C. Tsai, "Antenna array beamforming in the presence of spatial information uncertainties," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 31, 139-156, 2011.

Dr. Ju-Hong Lee