Vol. 104
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERL 123 [2025] PIERL 122 [2024] PIERL 121 [2024] PIERL 120 [2024] PIERL 119 [2024] PIERL 118 [2024] PIERL 117 [2024] PIERL 116 [2024] PIERL 115 [2024] PIERL 114 [2023] PIERL 113 [2023] PIERL 112 [2023] PIERL 111 [2023] PIERL 110 [2023] PIERL 109 [2023] PIERL 108 [2023] PIERL 107 [2022] PIERL 106 [2022] PIERL 105 [2022] PIERL 104 [2022] PIERL 103 [2022] PIERL 102 [2022] PIERL 101 [2021] PIERL 100 [2021] PIERL 99 [2021] PIERL 98 [2021] PIERL 97 [2021] PIERL 96 [2021] PIERL 95 [2021] PIERL 94 [2020] PIERL 93 [2020] PIERL 92 [2020] PIERL 91 [2020] PIERL 90 [2020] PIERL 89 [2020] PIERL 88 [2020] PIERL 87 [2019] PIERL 86 [2019] PIERL 85 [2019] PIERL 84 [2019] PIERL 83 [2019] PIERL 82 [2019] PIERL 81 [2019] PIERL 80 [2018] PIERL 79 [2018] PIERL 78 [2018] PIERL 77 [2018] PIERL 76 [2018] PIERL 75 [2018] PIERL 74 [2018] PIERL 73 [2018] PIERL 72 [2018] PIERL 71 [2017] PIERL 70 [2017] PIERL 69 [2017] PIERL 68 [2017] PIERL 67 [2017] PIERL 66 [2017] PIERL 65 [2017] PIERL 64 [2016] PIERL 63 [2016] PIERL 62 [2016] PIERL 61 [2016] PIERL 60 [2016] PIERL 59 [2016] PIERL 58 [2016] PIERL 57 [2015] PIERL 56 [2015] PIERL 55 [2015] PIERL 54 [2015] PIERL 53 [2015] PIERL 52 [2015] PIERL 51 [2015] PIERL 50 [2014] PIERL 49 [2014] PIERL 48 [2014] PIERL 47 [2014] PIERL 46 [2014] PIERL 45 [2014] PIERL 44 [2014] PIERL 43 [2013] PIERL 42 [2013] PIERL 41 [2013] PIERL 40 [2013] PIERL 39 [2013] PIERL 38 [2013] PIERL 37 [2013] PIERL 36 [2013] PIERL 35 [2012] PIERL 34 [2012] PIERL 33 [2012] PIERL 32 [2012] PIERL 31 [2012] PIERL 30 [2012] PIERL 29 [2012] PIERL 28 [2012] PIERL 27 [2011] PIERL 26 [2011] PIERL 25 [2011] PIERL 24 [2011] PIERL 23 [2011] PIERL 22 [2011] PIERL 21 [2011] PIERL 20 [2011] PIERL 19 [2010] PIERL 18 [2010] PIERL 17 [2010] PIERL 16 [2010] PIERL 15 [2010] PIERL 14 [2010] PIERL 13 [2010] PIERL 12 [2009] PIERL 11 [2009] PIERL 10 [2009] PIERL 9 [2009] PIERL 8 [2009] PIERL 7 [2009] PIERL 6 [2009] PIERL 5 [2008] PIERL 4 [2008] PIERL 3 [2008] PIERL 2 [2008] PIERL 1 [2008]
2022-05-31
Low Sidelobe and Tilted Beam Microstrip Antenna for Circularly-Polarized SAR Onboard UAV
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 104, 95-103, 2022
Abstract
This work is purposed to provide microstrip antennas for a CP-SAR system with low sidelobe, tilted beam, and circular polarization. This antenna is configured for the L-band (1.27 GHz) mounting on an Unmanned Aerial Vehicle (UAV). The proposed microstrip antenna consists of three-square radiating elements, due to the ease in fabrication. Meanwhile, the proximity structure has been adopted in the feeding network. The tilted beam was obtained by arranging the different phases for each element. On the other hand, a low sidelobe was achieved by managing the power distribution of each patch using the Chebyshev polynomial. The proposed antenna was precisely printed and examined in an anechoic chamber to verify the characteristics of the antenna such as polarization, sidelobe level, and beam direction. Based on the measurement results, the proposed antenna has a tilted beam and a low side lobe that meets the specifications of the CP-SAR system.
Citation
Yohandri, Asrizal, Asif Awaludin, and Josaphat Tetuko Sri Sumantyo, "Low Sidelobe and Tilted Beam Microstrip Antenna for Circularly-Polarized SAR Onboard UAV," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 104, 95-103, 2022.
doi:10.2528/PIERL22032803
References

1. Owusu Twumasi, J., P. De Stefano, and J. T. Christian, "The application of synthetic aperture radar imaging technique to measure moisture content of concrete structures," Meas. J. Int. Meas. Confed., Vol. 152, 107335, 2020.
doi:10.1016/j.measurement.2019.107335

2. Tanase, M. A., et al. "Synthetic aperture radar sensitivity to forest changes: A simulations-based study for the Romanian forests," Sci. Total Environ., Vol. 689, 1104-1114, 2019.
doi:10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.06.494

3. Tetuko, J., et al. "Development of circularly polarized synthetic aperture radar on-board UAV JX-1," Int. J. Remote Sens., 4762-4765, 2017.

4. Schwegmann, C. P., W. Kleynhans, B. P. Salmon, L. W. Mdakane, and R. G. V. Meyer, "Very deep learning for ship discrimination in Synthetic Aperture Radar imagery," International Geoscience and Remote Sensing Symposium (IGARSS), 104-107, 2016.

5. Sumantyo, J. T. S. and K. V. Chet, "Development of circularly polarized synthetic aperture radar onboard UAV for earth diagnosis," Proceedings of the European Conference on Synthetic Aperture Radar, EUSAR, 2012.

6. Brookner, E., W. M. Hall, and R. H. Westlake, "Faraday loss for L-band radar and communications systems," IEEE Trans. Aerosp. Electron. Syst., Vol. 21, No. 4, 459-469, 1985.
doi:10.1109/TAES.1985.310634

7. Yahya, M. and Z. Awang, "Cross polarization ratio analysis of circular polarized patch antenna," Proc. - 2010 12th Int. Conf. Electromagn. Adv. Appl. ICEAA'10, 442-445, 2010.
doi:10.1109/ICEAA.2010.5653152

8. Fukusako, T., "Broadband characterization of circularly polarized waveguide antennas using L-shaped probe," J. Electromagn. Eng. Sci., Vol. 17, No. 1, 1-8, 2017.
doi:10.5515/JKIEES.2017.17.1.1

9. Rignot, E. J. M., "Effect of Faraday rotation on L-band interferometric and polarimetric synthetic-aperture radar data," IEEE Trans. Geosci. Remote Sens., 383-390, 2000.
doi:10.1109/36.823934

10. Baharuddin, M., V. Wissan, J. Tetuko Sri Sumantyo, and H. Kuze, "Elliptical microstrip antenna for circularly polarized synthetic aperture radar," AEU - Int. J. Electron. Commun., Vol. 65, No. 1, 62-67, 2011.
doi:10.1016/j.aeue.2010.01.012

11. Shookooh, B. R., A. Monajati, and H. Khodabakhshi, "Theory, design, and implementation of a new family of ultra-wideband metamaterial microstrip array antennas based on fractal and fibonacci geometric patterns," J. Electromagn. Eng. Sci., Vol. 20, No. 1, 53-63, 2020.
doi:10.26866/jees.2020.20.1.53

12. Yohandri, V. Wissan, I. Firmansyah, P. Rizki Akbar, J. T. Sri Sumantyo, and H. Kuze, "Development of circularly polarized array antenna for synthetic aperture radar sensor installed on UAV," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 19, 119-133, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIERC10121708

13. Hussein, M., Yohandri, J. T. S. Sumantyo, and A. Yahia, "A low sidelobe level of circularly polarized microstrip array antenna for CP-SAR sensor," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 27, No. 15, 1931-1941, Oct. 2013.
doi:10.1080/09205071.2013.828577

14. Yohandri, J. T. Sri Sumantyo, and H. Kuze, "Circularly polarized array antennas for synthetic aperture radar," PIERS Proceedings, 1244-1247, Suzhou, China, Sep. 12-16, 2011.

15. Varshney, H. K., M. Kumar, A. K. Jaiswal, R. Saxena, and K. Jaiswal, "A survey on different feeding techniques of rectangular microstrip patch antenna," Int. J. Curr. Eng. Technol., Vol. 4, No. 3, 1418-1423, 2014.

16. Clay, A. C., S. C. Wooh, L. Azar, and J. Y. Wang, "Experimental study of phased array beam steering characteristics," J. Nondestruct. Eval., Vol. 18, 59-71, 1999.
doi:10.1023/A:1022618321612

17. Balanis, C. E., Antenna Theory: Analysis and Design, 3rd Ed., 1136, 2005.

18. Kim, J. O., W. S. Yoon, and S. M. Han, "Frequency-selective beamforming array antenna systems with frequency-dependent phase shifters," J. Electromagn. Eng. Sci., Vol. 19, No. 4, 259-265, 2019.
doi:10.26866/jees.2019.19.4.259

19. Lee, S. G. and J. H. Lee, "Calculating array patterns using an active element pattern method with ground edge effects," J. Electromagn. Eng. Sci., Vol. 18, No. 3, 175-181, 2018.
doi:10.26866/jees.2018.18.3.175

20. Lee, K. F. and K. F. Tong, "Microstrip patch antennas," Handbook of Antenna Technologies, 2016.

21. Verma, R. K., N. K. Saxena, and P. K. S. Pourush, "Effect of air-gap technique in bandwidth of microstrip patch array antenna," Int. J. Res. Publ. Eng. Technol. [IJRPET], Vol. 3, No. 6, 165-168, 2017.

22. Arora, A., A. Khemchandani, Y. Rawat, S. Singhai, and G. Chaitanya, "Comparative study of different feeding techniques for rectangular microstrip patch antenna," Int. J. Innov. Res. Electr. Electron. Instrum. Control Eng., Vol. 3, No. 5, 2-35, 2015.

23. Garg, R., P. Bhartia, I. Bahl, and A. Ittipiboon, Microstrip Antenna Design Handbook, 2001.

24. Gautam, A. K., P. Benjwal, and B. K. Kanaujia, "A compact square microstrip antenna for circular polarization," Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., Vol. 54, No. 4, 897-900, 2012.
doi:10.1002/mop.26746

25. Rizki Akbar, P., J. T. S. Sumantyo, and H. Kuze, "CP-SAR UAV Development," International Archives of the Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Science, Vol. XXXVIII, Part 8, 203-208, 2010.

26. Bevelacqua, P. J. and C. Balanis, "Antenna arrays: Performance limits and geometry optimization,", 158 pages, Arizona State Univ., 2008.

27. Alieldin, A., Y. Huang, M. Stanley, and S. Joseph, "A circularly polarized circular antenna array for satellite TV reception," 2018 15th Eur. Radar Conf. EuRAD 2018, 505-508, 2018.

28. Huang, J., W. Lin, F. Qiu, C. Jiang, D. Lei, and Y. J. Guo, "A low profile, ultra-lightweight, high efficient circularly-polarized antenna array for Ku band satellite applications," IEEE Access, Vol. 5, 18356-18365, 2017.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2017.2750318