volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

Lenses can be used to focus and disperse the electric field emitted by the antenna. Sustainable and environmentally friendly lenses were made from lithium molybdenum oxide (LMO) glass composite. Half spherical lenses with a diameter of a 30 mm were fabricated from LMO composite, and the antenna properties were measured with a waveguide feed. The lens enhanced radiation pattern was measured at K_u band, and the improvement in the gain was found to be 2 dB.

1. Sauleau, R., C. A. Fernandes, and J. R. Costa, "Review of lens antenna design and technologies for mm-wave shaped-beam applications," ANTEM 2005 --- 11th Int. Symp. Antenna Technol. Appl. Electromagn. Conf. Proc., 1-5, St. Malo, France, 2005.

2. Sebastian, M. T. and H. Jantunen, "Low loss dielectric materials for LTCC applications: A review," Int. Mater. Rev., Vol. 53, No. 2, 57-90, Mar. 2008.
doi:10.1179/174328008X277524

3. Kahari, H., M. Teirikangas, J. Juuti, and H. Jantunen, "Dielectric properties of lithium molybdate ceramic fabricated at room temperature," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., Vol. 97, No. 11, 3378-3379, Nov. 2014.
doi:10.1111/jace.13277

4. Kahari, H., M. Teirikangas, J. Juuti, and H. Jantunen, "Improvements and modifications to room-temperature fabrication method for dielectric Li2MoO4 ceramics," J. Am. Ceram. Soc., Vol. 98, No. 3, 687-689, Mar. 2015.
doi:10.1111/jace.13471

5. Kahari, H., P. Ramachandran, J. Juuti, and H. Jantunen, "Room-temperature-densified Li2MoO4 ceramic patch antenna and the effect of humidity," Int. J. Appl. Ceram. Technol., Vol. 14, No. 1, 50-55, Jan. 2017.
doi:10.1111/ijac.12615

6. Kahari, H., M. Teirikangas, J. Juuti, and H. Jantunen, "Room-temperature fabrication of microwave dielectric Li2MoO4-TiO2 composite ceramics," Ceram. Int., Vol. 42, No. 9, 11442-11446, Jul. 2016.
doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2016.04.081

7. Ji, Y., K. Song, X. Luo, B. Liu, H. B. Bafrooei, and D. Wang, "Microwave dielectric properties of (1 - x) Li2MoO4-xMg2SiO4 composite ceramics fabricated by cold sintering process," Front. Mater., 6, Oct. 2019.

8. Vaataja, M., H. Kahari, K. Ohenoja, M. Sobocinski, J. Juuti, and H. Jantunen, "3D printed dielectric ceramic without a sintering stage," Sci. Rep., Vol. 8, No. 1, 15955, Dec. 2018.
doi:10.1038/s41598-018-34408-5

9. Nelo, M., H. Liimatainen, M. Vaataja, J. Ukkola, J. Juuti, and H. Jantunen, "Solid air-low temperature manufacturing of ultra-low permittivity composite materials for future telecommunication systems," Front. Mater., 6, 2019.

10. Lauwers, B., F. Klocke, A. Klink, A. Erman Tekkaya, R. Neugebauer, and D. Mcintosh, "Hybrid processes in manufacturing," CIRP Ann., Vol. 63, No. 2, 561-583, 2014.
doi:10.1016/j.cirp.2014.05.003

11. Hinton, J., M. Mirgkizoudi, A. Campos-Zatarain, D. Flynn, R. A. Harris, and R. W. Kay, "Digitally-driven hybrid manufacture of ceramic thick-film substrates," 2018 7th Electron. Syst. Technol. Conf., 1-5, IEEE, Dresden, Germany, Sep. 2018.

12. Jankovic, U., N. Mohottige, D. Budimir, and O. Glubokov, "Hybrid manufactured waveguide resonators and filters for mm-wave applications," 2017 IEEE MTT-S Int. Microw. Work. Ser. Adv. Mater. Process. RF THz Appl., 1-3, IEEE, Pavia, Italy, Sep. 2017.

13. Revier, D. L. and M. M. Tentzeris, "A low-cost, single platform, hybrid manufacturing system for RF passives," 2017 IEEE Radio Wirel. Symp., 83-85, IEEE, Phoenix, AZ, USA, Jan. 2017.

14. Chen, Z., Z. Li, J. Li, C. Liu, C. Lao, Y. Fu, C. Liu, Y. Li, P. Wang, and Y. He, "3D printing of ceramics: A review," J. Eur. Ceram. Soc., Vol. 39, No. 4, 661-667, Apr. 2019.
doi:10.1016/j.jeurceramsoc.2018.11.013

Mr. Mikko Kokkonen

Dr. Mikko Nelo

Dr. Jiangcheng Chen

Dr. Sami Myllymäki

Dr. Heli Jantunen