volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

This paper introduces a new simple-structured dual circularly polarized (CP) antenna design for fifth-generation (5G) front end systems. The antenna configuration consists of a crescent-shaped slot radiator fed by a pair of rectangular 50-Ohm microstrip lines. The antenna is designed on an FR-4 dielectric substrate with an overall size of 48 × 48 × 1.6 mm³ to operate at 3.5 GHz, a 5G candidate band. A wide dual CP characteristics supporting both left-hand circular polarization (LHCP) and right-hand circular polarization (RHCP) is achieved in the frequency of 3-4.2 GHz. In addition, the mutual coupling (S₂₁) between two ports of the proposed antenna is better than 15 dB. A prototype sample of the proposed design is fabricated and measured to validate the design concept. The antenna offers sufficient efficiency, gain level, and axial ratio bandwidth which make it suitable for different 5G front end applications such as cognitive radio, base station, satellite communications, imaging, and radar systems.

1. Volakis, J. L., Antenna Engineering Handbook, 4th Ed., McGraw-Hill, New York, 2007.

2. Midya, M., M. S. Bhattacharjee, and M. Mitra, "Broadband circularly polarized planar monopole antenna with G-shaped parasitic strip," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 18, No. 4, 581-585, 2019.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2019.2896900

3. Ojaroudi, Y., et al. "Circularly polarized microstrip slot antenna with a pair of spur-shaped slits for WLAN applications," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 57, 756-759, 2015.
doi:10.1002/mop.28946

4. Valizade, A., M. Ojaroudi, and N. Ojaroudi, "CPW-fed small slot antenna with reconfigurable circular polarization and impedance bandwidth characteristics for DCS/WiMAX applications," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 56, 65-72, 2015.
doi:10.2528/PIERC14122901

5. Cao, W., et al. "Wideband circularly polarized Fabry-P´erot resonator antenna in Ku-band," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 18, No. 4, 4586-590, 2019.

6. Al-Yasir, Y. I. A., et al. "A new polarization-reconfigurable antenna for 5G applications," Electronics, 1-9, 2018.

7. Chen, R.-H., J.-S., and Row, "Single-fed microstrip patch antenna with switchable polarization," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 56, No. 4, 922-926, 2008.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2008.919211

8. Row, J.-S. and C.-J. Shih, "Polarization-diversity ring slot antenna with frequency agility," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 60, No. 8, 3953-3957, 2012.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2012.2201114

9. Ojaroudi, N. and N. Ghadimi, "Design of CPW-fed slot antenna for MIMO system applications," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 7, No. 11, 1278-1281, 2014.
doi:10.1002/mop.28346

10. Ojaroudi, N., "Design of small reconfigurable microstrip antenna for UWB-CR applications," ISAP2014, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Dec. 2-5, 2014.

11. Wu, Q., et al. "Millimeter-wave multibeam endfire dual-circularly polarized antenna array for 5G wireless applications," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 66, No. 9, 4930-4935, 2018.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2018.2851667

12. Mak, K. M., H. W. Lai, K. M. Luk, and C. H. Chan, "Circularly polarized patch antenna for future 5G mobile phones," IEEE Access, Vol. 2, 1521-1529, 2014.

13. Yu, X., et al. "A Dual-circularly polarized compact feed horn at 5G millimeter-frequency for reflector application," International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation & USNC/URSI National Radio Science Meeting, Boston, MA, 2018.

14. Parchin, N. O., et al. "Eight-element dual-polarized MIMO slot antenna system for 5G smartphone applications," IEEE Access, Vol. 7, 15612-15622, 2019.
doi:10.1109/ACCESS.2019.2893112

15. Ojaroudi, N., M. Ojaroudi, and K. Halili, "Design of triple-band monopole antenna with meander line structure for MIMO application," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 54, No. 9, 2168-2172, 2012.
doi:10.1002/mop.27008

16. Ojaroudiparchin, N., et al. "End-fire phased array 5G antenna design using leaf-shaped bow-tie elements for 28/38 GHz MIMO applications," ICUWB 2016, Nanjing, China, Oct. 16-19, 2016.

17. Lai, X., Z. Xie, Q. Xie, and X. Cen, "A dual circularly polarized RFID reader antenna with wideband isolation," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 12, 1630-1633, 2013.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2013.2294173

18. Khidre, A., K. Lee, F. Yang, and A. Z. Elsherbeni, "Circular polarization reconfigurable wideband E-shaped patch antenna for wireless applications," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 61, 960-964, 2013.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2012.2223436

19. Sun, M., et al. "Dual-sense circular polarization antenna based on reconfigurable orthogonal network," International Journal of Antennas and Propagation, 1-7, 2019.

20. Lai, X.-Z., et al. "A dual circularly polarized RFID reader antenna with wide beamwidth," IEEE Antennas and Wireless Propagation Letters, Vol. 13, 1457-1460, 2014.

21. Lai, X.-Z., Z.-M. Xie, and X.-L. Cen, "Design of dual circularly polarized antenna with high isolation for RFID application," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 139, 25-39, 2013.
doi:10.2528/PIER13030609

22. Wu, G.-L., W. Mu, G. Zhao, and Y.-C. Jiao, "A novel design of dual circularly polarized antenna fed by L-strip," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 79, 39-46, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIER07092001

23. Hu, J. and Z. Hao, "A compact polarization-reconfigurable and 2-D beam-switchable antenna using the spatial phase shift technique," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 66, No. 10, 4986-4995, 2018.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2018.2851371

24. Narbudowicz, A. and X. Bao M. J. Ammann, "Dual circularly-polarized patch antenna using even and odd feed-line modes," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 61, 4828-4831, 2013.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2013.2269471

25. Ho, M.-H., M.-T. Wu, C.-I. G. Hsu, and J.-Y. Sze, "An RHCP/LHCP switchable slotline-fed slot-ring antenna," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 46, 30-33, 2005.
doi:10.1002/mop.20892

26. Khaleghi, A. and M. Kamyab, "Reconfigurable single port antenna with circular polarization diversity," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 57, 555-559, 2009.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2008.2011394

27. Fukusako, T., N. Kitamura, and N. Mita, "Design of patch antenna with switchable circular polarization using a branched feed circuit," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 48, 1-4, 2006.
doi:10.1002/mop.21246

28. Tseng, W.-J. and S.-J. Chung, "A dual CP slot antenna using a modified Wilkinson power divider configuration," IEEE Microwave and Guided Wave Letters, Vol. 8, 205-207, 1998.
doi:10.1109/75.668732

29. Nishamol, M. S., et al. "An electronically reconfigurable microstrip antenna with switchable slots for polarization diversity," IEEE Transactions on Antennas and Propagation, Vol. 59, 3424-3427, 2011.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2011.2161446

30. CST Microwave Studio, ver. 2018, CST, Framingham, MA, USA, 2018.

31. Parchin, N. O., et al. Microwave/RF Components for 5G Front-End Systems, Avid Science, 2019.

32. Al-Yasir, Y., et al. "Design of polarization-reconfigurable antenna using two PIN diodes for 5G applications," Microwave/RF Components for 5G Front-End Systems, Book Chapter, Avid Science, 2019.

33. Ojaroudi, N., "Design of ultra-wideband monopole antenna with enhanced bandwidth," 21st Telecommunications Forum, TELFOR 2013, Belgrade, Serbia, Nov. 27-28, 2013.

34. Ojaroudi, N. and N. Ghadimi, "Dual-band CPW-fed slot antenna with a pair of hook-shaped slits," Microwave and Optical Technology Letter, Vol. 57, No. 1, 172-174, 2015.
doi:10.1002/mop.28805

35. Ojaroudi, M., et al. "Enhanced bandwidth small square slot antenna with circular polarization characteristics for WLAN/WiMAX and C-band applications," ACES Journal, Vol. 28, 156-161, 2013.

36. Ojaroudi, N., "Small microstrip-fed slot antenna with frequency band-stop function," 21st Telecommunications Forum, TELFOR 2013, Belgrade, Serbia, Nov. 27-28, 2013.

37. Valizade, A., et al. "Band-notch slot antenna with enhanced bandwidth by using Ω-shaped strips protruded inside rectangular slots for UWB," ACES Journal, Vol. 27, 816-822, 2012.

38. Ojaroudi, M., et al. "Dual band-notch small square monopole antenna with enhanced bandwidth characteristics for UWB applications," ACES Journal,, Vol. 25, 420-426, 2012.

39. Ojaroudi, N., "Circular microstrip antenna with dual band-stop performance for ultra-wideband systems," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 56, 2095-2098, 2014.
doi:10.1002/mop.28515

40. Parchin, N. O., et al. "Dual-polarized MIMO antenna array design using miniaturized self-complementary structures for 5G smartphone applications," EuCAP Conference, Krakow, Poland, Mar. 31-Apr. 5, 2019.

Dr. Naser Ojaroudi Parchin

Dr. Haleh Jahanbakhsh Basherlou

Prof. Raed A. Abd-Alhameed