volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In this paper, an improved wideband millimeter-wave 180° hybrid is proposed to apply to balanced mixers and multipliers. The proposed hybrid consists of a transition of standard waveguide to suspended coplanar waveguide (SCPW) and a transition of SCPW to suspended stripline. According to the inherent electromagnetic field characteristics of the two transitions, the proposed hybrid has merits of broadband power distribution and high isolation, which does not rely on resonant circuits. The measured insertion losses and isolation of two transitions at Ka-band are typically 1.4 dB and 25 dB, respectively. To verify the application of the proposed hybrid, A W-band single balanced mixer based on the hybrid has been designed and fabricated. The measured single-sideband (SSB) conversion losses of the fabricated mixer are less than 9.5 dB for the radio frequency (RF) range from 80 to 108 GHz. The presented hybrid has been proven to be efficient for the design of millimeter-wave balanced mixers and could be well applied in multipliers and other integrated circuits.

1. Schlecht, E. T., J. J. Gill, R. H. Lin, R. J. Dengler, and I. Mehdi, "A 520-590 GHz crossbar balanced fundamental Schottky mixer," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., Vol. 20, No. 7, 387-389, 2010.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2010.2049432

2. Wells, J. A., N. J. Cronin, and P. H. Reece, "Rugged 94 GHz crossbar balanced mixer," IEE Proc. H --- Microwaves, Antennas Propag., Vol. 137, No. 4, 235-237, 1990.
doi:10.1049/ip-h-2.1990.0046

3. Erickson, N. R. and T. M. Goyette, "Terahertz Schottky-diode balanced mixers," 21st International Symposium on Space Terahertz Technology, 150-153, Oxford, March 2010.

4. Thomas, B., A. Maestrini, J. Gill, C. Lee, R. Lin, I. Mehdi, and P. de Maagt, "A broadband 835-900-GHz fundamental balanced mixer based on monolithic GaAs membrane Schottky diodes," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory and Tech., Vol. 58, No. 7, 1917-1924, 2010.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2010.2050181

5. Erickson, N., "High efficiency submillimeter frequency multipliers," IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium Digest, 1990, 1301-1304, Dallas, May 1990.

6. Porterfield, D. W., T. W. Crowe, R. F. Bradley, and N. R. Erickson, "A high-power, fixed-tuned, millimeter-wave balanced frequency doubler," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory and Tech., Vol. 47, No. 4, 419-425, 1999.
doi:10.1109/22.754875

7. Chattopadhyay, G., E. Schlecht, J. S. Ward, J. Gill, H. H. S. Javadi, F. Maiwald, and I. Mehdi, "An all solid-state broadband frequency multiplier chain at 1500 GHz," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory and Tech., Vol. 52, No. 5, 1538-1547, 2004.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2004.827042

8. Siles, J. V., A. Maestrini, B. Alderman, S. Davies, H. Wang, J. Treuttel, E. Leclerc, T. Narhi, and C. Goldstein, "A single-waveguide in-phase power-combined frequency doubler at 190 GHz," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., Vol. 21, No. 6, 332-334, 2011.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2011.2134080

9. Guo, J., Z. Xu, C. Qian, and W.-B. Dou, "Design of a microstrip balanced mixer for satellite communication," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 115, 289-301, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIER11022109

10. Zhan, M. Z., Q. Xu, W. Zhao, Y. Zhang, R.-M. Xu, and W. Lin, "Planar W-band mixer with a novel IF-block," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 21, 205-215, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIERC11022405

11. Simons, R. N., Coplanar Waveguide Circuits, Components, and Systems, John Wiley & Sons, 2001.
doi:10.1002/0471224758

12. Hesler, J. L., Planar Schottky diodes in submillimeter-wavelength waveguide receivers, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Virginia, 1996.

13. Porterfield, D. W., Millimeter-wave planar varactor frequency doublers, Ph.D. Dissertation, University of Virginia, 1998.

14. Neamen, D. A. and B. Pevzner, Semiconductor Physics and Devices: Basic Principles, McGraw-Hill, 2003.

Dr. Wei Zhao

Dr. Yong Zhang

Dr. Shuang Liu

Dr. Li Li

Professor Rui-Min Xu