Vol. 87
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIER 180 [2024] PIER 179 [2024] PIER 178 [2023] PIER 177 [2023] PIER 176 [2023] PIER 175 [2022] PIER 174 [2022] PIER 173 [2022] PIER 172 [2021] PIER 171 [2021] PIER 170 [2021] PIER 169 [2020] PIER 168 [2020] PIER 167 [2020] PIER 166 [2019] PIER 165 [2019] PIER 164 [2019] PIER 163 [2018] PIER 162 [2018] PIER 161 [2018] PIER 160 [2017] PIER 159 [2017] PIER 158 [2017] PIER 157 [2016] PIER 156 [2016] PIER 155 [2016] PIER 154 [2015] PIER 153 [2015] PIER 152 [2015] PIER 151 [2015] PIER 150 [2015] PIER 149 [2014] PIER 148 [2014] PIER 147 [2014] PIER 146 [2014] PIER 145 [2014] PIER 144 [2014] PIER 143 [2013] PIER 142 [2013] PIER 141 [2013] PIER 140 [2013] PIER 139 [2013] PIER 138 [2013] PIER 137 [2013] PIER 136 [2013] PIER 135 [2013] PIER 134 [2013] PIER 133 [2013] PIER 132 [2012] PIER 131 [2012] PIER 130 [2012] PIER 129 [2012] PIER 128 [2012] PIER 127 [2012] PIER 126 [2012] PIER 125 [2012] PIER 124 [2012] PIER 123 [2012] PIER 122 [2012] PIER 121 [2011] PIER 120 [2011] PIER 119 [2011] PIER 118 [2011] PIER 117 [2011] PIER 116 [2011] PIER 115 [2011] PIER 114 [2011] PIER 113 [2011] PIER 112 [2011] PIER 111 [2011] PIER 110 [2010] PIER 109 [2010] PIER 108 [2010] PIER 107 [2010] PIER 106 [2010] PIER 105 [2010] PIER 104 [2010] PIER 103 [2010] PIER 102 [2010] PIER 101 [2010] PIER 100 [2010] PIER 99 [2009] PIER 98 [2009] PIER 97 [2009] PIER 96 [2009] PIER 95 [2009] PIER 94 [2009] PIER 93 [2009] PIER 92 [2009] PIER 91 [2009] PIER 90 [2009] PIER 89 [2009] PIER 88 [2008] PIER 87 [2008] PIER 86 [2008] PIER 85 [2008] PIER 84 [2008] PIER 83 [2008] PIER 82 [2008] PIER 81 [2008] PIER 80 [2008] PIER 79 [2008] PIER 78 [2008] PIER 77 [2007] PIER 76 [2007] PIER 75 [2007] PIER 74 [2007] PIER 73 [2007] PIER 72 [2007] PIER 71 [2007] PIER 70 [2007] PIER 69 [2007] PIER 68 [2007] PIER 67 [2007] PIER 66 [2006] PIER 65 [2006] PIER 64 [2006] PIER 63 [2006] PIER 62 [2006] PIER 61 [2006] PIER 60 [2006] PIER 59 [2006] PIER 58 [2006] PIER 57 [2006] PIER 56 [2006] PIER 55 [2005] PIER 54 [2005] PIER 53 [2005] PIER 52 [2005] PIER 51 [2005] PIER 50 [2005] PIER 49 [2004] PIER 48 [2004] PIER 47 [2004] PIER 46 [2004] PIER 45 [2004] PIER 44 [2004] PIER 43 [2003] PIER 42 [2003] PIER 41 [2003] PIER 40 [2003] PIER 39 [2003] PIER 38 [2002] PIER 37 [2002] PIER 36 [2002] PIER 35 [2002] PIER 34 [2001] PIER 33 [2001] PIER 32 [2001] PIER 31 [2001] PIER 30 [2001] PIER 29 [2000] PIER 28 [2000] PIER 27 [2000] PIER 26 [2000] PIER 25 [2000] PIER 24 [1999] PIER 23 [1999] PIER 22 [1999] PIER 21 [1999] PIER 20 [1998] PIER 19 [1998] PIER 18 [1998] PIER 17 [1997] PIER 16 [1997] PIER 15 [1997] PIER 14 [1996] PIER 13 [1996] PIER 12 [1996] PIER 11 [1995] PIER 10 [1995] PIER 09 [1994] PIER 08 [1994] PIER 07 [1993] PIER 06 [1992] PIER 05 [1991] PIER 04 [1991] PIER 03 [1990] PIER 02 [1990] PIER 01 [1989]
2008-11-10
Resonance Splitting in Two Coupled Circular Closed-Loop Arrays and Investigation of Analogy to Traveling-Wave Optical Resonators
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 87, 197-214, 2008
Abstract
A well known property of large circular closed-loop arrays is that when the dimensions and the distance of the cylindrical dipoles are properly chosen, the arrays possess very narrow resonances. As far as single isolated loop arrays are concerned, the phenomenon has been predicted and analyzed in the past in the framework of ``two-term" theory. In the present paper the same methodology is, for the first time, applied to investigate the system of two coupled identical circular arrays. It is found that the spectral profile of this new array is characterized by the coupling-induced splitting of the resonances of the single loop array into symmetric and antisymmetric supermodes, in direct analogy with other types of coupled electromagnetic cavities. Due to the circular symmetry of the individual arrays, the phenomenon is strongly correlated to the optical counterpart of two coupled traveling-wave optical resonators, such as whispering gallery or microring resonators. By borrowing the resonance splitting model from optical resonators, this analogy connection is investigated and interesting conclusions are reached.
Citation
Ioannis Psarros, and Ioannis D. Chremmos, "Resonance Splitting in Two Coupled Circular Closed-Loop Arrays and Investigation of Analogy to Traveling-Wave Optical Resonators," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 87, 197-214, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIER08102202
References

1. Fikioris, G., R. W. P. King, and T. T. Wu, "The resonant circular array of electrically short elements," J. Appl. Phys., Vol. 68, No. 4, 431-439, 1990.
doi:10.1063/1.346839

2. Fikioris, G., R. W. P. King, and T. T. Wu, "A novel resonant circular array: Improved analysis," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 8, 1-30, 1994.

3. Fikioris, G., "Experimental study of novel resonant circular arrays," IEE Proc. Microw. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 145, No. 5, 92-98, 1998.
doi:10.1049/ip-map:19981553

4. King, R. W. P., G. Fikioris, and R. B. Mack, Cylindrical Antennas and Arrays, Cambridge University Press, 2002.

5. Fikioris, G., "Resonan t arrays of cylindrical dipoles: Theory and experiment," Ph.D. Thesis, 1993.

6. Fikioris, G., R. W. P. King, and T. T. Wu, "Novel surface-wave antenna," IEE Proc. Microw. Antennas Propagt., Vol. 143, No. 1, 1-6, Feb. 1996.
doi:10.1049/ip-map:19960160

7. Freeman, D. K. and T. T. Wu, "Variational-principle formulation of the two-term theory for arrays of cylindrical dipoles," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 43, No. 4, 340-349, Apr. 1995.
doi:10.1109/8.376030

8. King, R. W. P., "A microwave beacon and guiding signals for airports and their approaches," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 51, No. 1, 110-114, Jan. 2003.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2003.809049

9. Fikioris, G., "Field patterns of resonant noncircular closed-loop arrays," Journal of Electromagnetic Waves and Applications, Vol. 10, No. 3, 307-327, 1996.
doi:10.1163/156939396X00432

10. Fikioris, G., S. D. Zaharopoulos, and P. D. Apostolidis, "Field patterns of resonant noncircular closed-loop arrays: Further analysis," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 53, No. 12, 3906-3914, Dec. 2005.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2005.859760

11. Fikioris, G., P. J. Papakanellos, J. D. Koundouros, and A. K. Patsiotis, "Difficulties in MoM analyses of resonant circular arrays of cylindrical dipoles," Electronics Letters, Vol. 41, No. 2, 54-55, Jan. 2005.
doi:10.1049/el:20056848

12. Fikioris, G. and K. Matos, "Near fields of resonant circular arrays of cylindrical dipoles," Antennas and Propagation Magazine, IEEE, Vol. 50, No. 1, 97-107, Feb. 2008.
doi:10.1109/MAP.2008.4494508

13. Rayleigh, L., "The problem of whispering gallery," Philos. Mag., Vol. 20, 1001-1004, Dec. 1910.

14. Vedrenne, C. and J. Arnaud, "Whisp ering-gallery modes of dielectric resonators," Proc. Inst. Elect. Eng., Vol. 129, No. 4, 183-187, Aug. 1982.

15. Matsko, A. B. and V. S. Ilchenko, "Optical resonators with whispering-gallery modes — Part I: Basics," IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron., Vol. 12, No. 1, 3-14, Jan./Feb 2006.
doi:10.1109/JSTQE.2005.862952

16. Ilchenko, V. S. and A. B. Matsko, "Optical resonators with whispering-gallery modes — Part II: Applications," IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron., Vol. 12, No. 1, 15-32, Jan./Feb 2006.
doi:10.1109/JSTQE.2005.862943

17. Little, B. E., S. T. Chu, H. A. Haus, J. Foresi, and J.-P. Laine, "Microring resonator channel dropping filters," IEEE J. Lightwave Technol., Vol. 15, No. 6, 998-1005, June 1997.
doi:10.1109/50.588673

18. Smotrova, E. I., A. I. Nosich, T. M. Benson, and P. Sewell, "Optical coupling of whispering-gallery modes of two identical microdisks and its effect on photonic molecule lasing," IEEE J. Select. Topics Quantum Electron., Vol. 12, No. 1, 78-85, Jan./Feb 2006.
doi:10.1109/JSTQE.2005.862940

19. Boriskina, S., "Spectrally engineered photonic molecules as optical sensors with enhanced sensitivity: A proposal and numerical analysis," J. Opt. Soc. Am. B, Vol. 23, No. 8, 1565-1573, Aug. 2006.
doi:10.1364/JOSAB.23.001565

20. Chung, Y., D.-G. Kim, and N. Dagli, "Reflection properties of coupled-ring reflectors," IEEE J. Lightwave Technol., Vol. 24, No. 4, 1865-1874, Apr. 2006.
doi:10.1109/JLT.2006.871021

21. Chremmos, I. D. and N. K. Uzunoglu, "Reflectiv e properties of double-ring resonator system coupled to a waveguide," IEEE Photon. Technol. Lett., Vol. 17, No. 10, 2110-2112, Oct. 2005.
doi:10.1109/LPT.2005.854346

22. Boriskina, S. V., "Coupling of whispering-gallery modes in size-mismatched microdisk photonic molecules," Opt. Lett., Vol. 32, No. 11, 1557-1559, June 2007.
doi:10.1364/OL.32.001557

23. Liu, G. J., B. M. Liang, G. L. Jin, and Q. Li, "Switching characteristics of variable coupling coefficient nonlinear directional coupler," IEEE J. Lightwave Technol., Vol. 22, No. 6, 1591-1597, June 2004.
doi:10.1109/JLT.2004.829228