volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

In this work, a generalized procedure is carried out for the design of a microwave amplifier. First of all, the Performance Data Sheets (PDS) resulted from the active device characterization are used as Feasible Design Target Space (FDTS). Employing the PDS, the compatible (Noise F, Input VSWR V_i, Gain G_T ) is determined over the predetermined bandwidth B between f_min and f_max operation frequencies with the source Z_S and load Z_L terminations as the design target. In the design stage, the Simplified Real Frequency Technique (SRFT) is utilized in the scattering-parameter formulation of the front- and back-end matching two-ports to provide the source and load terminations to the transistor, respectively. As an application example, a novel high technology transistor is chosen and the design targets are determined using the PDSs of the device and its frontand back-end matching two-ports are characterized by the scatteringparameters using the novel SRFT for each design target. Furthermore, the performances of the resulted amplifier circuits are analyzed and compared with the simulated results.

1. Kuo, W.-M. L., R. Krithivasan, X. Li, Y. Lu, J. D. Cressler, H. Gustat, and B. Heinemann, "A low-power, X-band SiGe HBT low-noise amplifier for near-space radar applications," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 16, No. 9, 520-522, Sept. 2006.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2006.880696

2. Park, Y., C.-H. Lee, J. D. Cressler, and J. Laskar, "Theoretical analysis of a low dispersion SiGe LNA for ultra-wideband applications," IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, Vol. 16, No. 9, 517-519, Sept. 2006.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2006.880698

3. Bevilacqua, A. and A. M. Niknejad, "An ultrawideband CMOS low-noise Amplifier for 3.1–10.6-GHz wireless receivers," IEEE Journal of Solid-state Circuits, Vol. 39, No. 12, 2259-2268, Dec. 2004.
doi:10.1109/JSSC.2004.836338

4. Ismail, A. and A. A. Abidi, "A 3–10-GHz low-noise amplifier with wideband LC-ladder matching network,” IEEE Journal of Solidstate," IEEE Journal of Solidstate Circuits, Vol. 39, No. 12, 2269-2277, Dec. 2004.
doi:10.1109/JSSC.2004.836344

5. Gunes, F., H. Torpi, and F. Gurgen, "A multidimensional signalnoise neural model for microwave transistor," IEE Proc. Circuits Devices System, Vol. 145, No. 2, 111-117, 1998.
doi:10.1049/ip-cds:19981712

6. Gunes, F., N. Turker, and F. Gurgen, "Signal-noise support vector model of a microwave transistor," accepted for publication in Int. J. RF Microwave CAE, July 2007.

7. Gunes, F., M. Gune¸s, and M. Fidan, "Performance characterization of a microwave transistor," IEE Proc. Circuits Devices System, Vol. 141, No. 5, Oct. 1994.

8. Gunes, F. and B. A¸cetiner, "Smith chart formulation of performance characterization for a microwave transistor," IEE Proc. Circuits Devices System, Vol. 145, No. 6, Dec. 1998.
doi:10.1049/ip-cds:19981712

9. Gunes, F. and C. Tepe, "Gain-bandwidth limitations for a microwave transistor," Int. J. RF Microwave CAE, Vol. 12, No. 6, 483-495, 2002.
doi:10.1002/mmce.10049

10. Yildiz, C. and M. Turkmen, "Quasi-static models based on artificial neural networks for calculating the characteristic parameters of multilayer cylindrical coplanar waveguide and strip line," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 3, 1-22, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERB07112806

11. Guney, K., C. Yildiz, S. Kaya, and M. Turkmen, "Artificial neural networks for calculating the characteristic impedance of airsuspended trapezoidal and rectangular-shaped microshield lines," J. of Electromagn. Waves and Appl., Vol. 20, No. 9, 1161-1174, 2006.
doi:10.1163/156939306777442917

12. Ayestaran, R. G., F. Las-Heras, and J. A. Martınez, "Non uniform-antenna array synthesis using neural networks," J. of Electromagn. Waves and Appl., Vol. 21, No. 8, 1001-1011, 2007.

13. Turkmen, M., S. Kaya, C. Yildiz, and K. Guney, "Adaptive neurofuzzy models for conventional coplanar waveguides," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 6, 93-107, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERB08031208

14. Ayestaran, R. G., J. Laviada, and F. Las-Heras, "Synthesis of passive-dipole arrays with a genetic-neural hybrid method," J. of Electromagn. Waves and Appl., Vol. 20, No. 15, 2123-2135, 2006.
doi:10.1163/156939306779322549

15. Xu, Y., Y. Guo, R. Xu, and Y. Wu, "Modeling of SIC MESFETs by using support vector machine regression," J. of Electromagn. Waves and Appl., Vol. 21, No. 11, 1489-1498, 2007.

16. Xu, Y., Y. Guo, R. Xu, L. Xia, and Y. Wu, "An support vector regression based nonlinear modeling method for SIC MESFET," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 2, 103-114, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERL07122102

17. Tokan, N. T. and F. Gune, "Support vector characterization of the microstrip antennas based on measurements," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 5, 49-61, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERB08013006

18. Yang, Z. Q., T. Yang, Y. Liu, and S. H. Han, "MIM capacitor modeling by support vector regression," J. of Electromagn. Waves and Appl., Vol. 22, No. 1, 61-67, 2008.
doi:10.1163/156939308783122788

19. Gunes, F. and S. Demirel, "Gain gradients applied to optimization of distributed parameter matching circuits for microwave transistor subject to its potential performance," accepted for publication in Int. J. RF Microwave CAE, Vol. 18, No. 2, 99-111, Mar. 2008.
doi:10.1002/mmce.20254

20. Gunes, F. and Y. Cengiz, "Optimization of a microwave amplifier using neural performance data sheets with genetic algorithms," Lecture Notes in Computer Science, 630-637, 2003.

21. Cengiz, Y., H. Goksu, and F. Gunes, "Design of a broadband microwave amplifier using neural performance data sheets and very fast simulated reannealing," Lecture Notes in Computer Science, Vol. 6, No. 2, 815-820, 2006.
doi:10.1007/11760191_119

22. Demirel, S., F. Gunes, and U. Ozkaya, "Particle swarm intelligence applied to design microwave amplifier for the maximum gain constrained by the minimum noise over the available bandwidth," Submitted to Progress In Electromagnetics Research.

23. Aksen, A., "Design of lossless two-ports with mixed lumped and distributed elements for broadband matching,", Ph.D. dissertation, Electrotechnic Faculty, Ruhr-University, Bochum, Germany, 1994.

24. Bilgin, C., "Design of the optimum terminations of a microwave transistor using circuit functions,", MS thesis submitted to Science Institute of the Yldz Technical University, Istanbul, Turkiye, 2004.

Dr. Filiz Gunes

Dr. Candas Bilgin