volume | PIER Journals

Abstract

This paper shows the ability to use a continuous wave (CW) radar as an instrument to search for trapped alive persons in demolished buildings and ruins. The utilized operation principle is the detection of the Doppler frequency shift of the E/M wave when it is reflected by a slightly moving part of a living human body. The presented system has gone through several prototype development phases. Many parameters and alternative implementations have been tested in both real and simulated sites. A system analysis is carried out and presented followed by a presentation of the signal processing techniques. The inherent difficulties for the realization and practical exploitation of such a system are discussed. Results from tests of the system are also presented.

1. Chen, K. M., D. Misra, H. Wang, H. L. Chueng, et al. "An Xband M/W life-detection system," IEEE Trans. Biomedical Eng., Vol. BME-33, No. 7, 697-701, 1986.

2. Aggelopoulos, E. G., E. Karabetsos, Constan tinou, and N. Uzunoglu, "Mobile microwave sensor for detection of trapped human beings," Measurement: Journal of the International Measurement Confederation, Vol. 18, No. 3, 177-183, 1996.

3. Bimpas, M.K. Nikellis, N. Paraskevopoulos, D. Economou, and N. Uzunoglu, "Development and testing of a detector system for trapped humans in building ruins," Proceeding of 33rd European Microwave Conference, No. 10, 999-1002, 2003.

4. Balanis, C., Advanced Engineering Electromagnetics, John Wiley & Sons Inc., 1989.

5. Measurement data provided by the Laboratory of Electronics, Antennas, Antennas and Telecommunications, Ch. Pichot.

6. Davis, J.S. G. Millard, Y. Huang, and J. H. Bungey, "Determination of dielectric properties of insitu concrete at radar frequencies," NDT-CE International Conference, Berlin, June 2003.

7. Soutsos, M. N., J. H. Bungey, S. G. Millard, M. R. Shaw, and A. Patterson, "Dielectric properties of concrete and their influence on radar testing," NDT&E International, Vol. 34, 419-425, 2001.
doi:10.1016/S0963-8695(01)00009-3

8. Press, W. H., S. A. Teukolsky, W. T. Vetterling, and B. P. Flannery, Numerical Recipes in C, 2 Ed., Cambridge University Press, 1992.

9. Skolnik, M. I., Introduction to Radar Systems, 2 Ed., McGraw Hill College Div, 1980.

10. Balanis, C. A., Antenna Theory, Analysis and Design, 2 Ed., 682-752, John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 1997.

11. Chalkias, C. and I. Papananos, Design of Electronic Filters, 1 Ed., Symmetria Publishers, 1987.

12. Uzunoglu, N. K., Introduction to Microwave Theory, 2 Ed., Papasotiriou Publications, 1994.

13. Mongia, R., I. Bahl, and P. Bhartia, RF and Microwave Coupled- Line Circuits, Artech House Publishers, 1999.

14. Wong, K.-L., Compact and Broadband Microstrip Antennas, John Wiley & Sons, 2002.

15. Kumar, G. and K. C. Gupta, "Directly coupled multiple resonator wide-band microstrip antennas," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 33, No. 6, 588-593, 1985.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1985.1143639

16. Kumar, G. and K. C. Gupta, "Nonradiating edges and four edges gap-coupled multiple resonator broad-band microstrip antenna," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propagat., Vol. 33, No. 2, 173-178, 1985.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1985.1143563

17. Kapsalis, C. and P. Kottis, Antennas and Wireless Links, Tziola Publications, 2003.

Dr. Matthaios Bimpas

Dr. Nikolaos Paraskevopoulos

Dr. Konstantinos Nikellis

Dr. Dimitris Economou

Professor Nikolaos Uzunoglu