Vol. 137
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIER 180 [2024] PIER 179 [2024] PIER 178 [2023] PIER 177 [2023] PIER 176 [2023] PIER 175 [2022] PIER 174 [2022] PIER 173 [2022] PIER 172 [2021] PIER 171 [2021] PIER 170 [2021] PIER 169 [2020] PIER 168 [2020] PIER 167 [2020] PIER 166 [2019] PIER 165 [2019] PIER 164 [2019] PIER 163 [2018] PIER 162 [2018] PIER 161 [2018] PIER 160 [2017] PIER 159 [2017] PIER 158 [2017] PIER 157 [2016] PIER 156 [2016] PIER 155 [2016] PIER 154 [2015] PIER 153 [2015] PIER 152 [2015] PIER 151 [2015] PIER 150 [2015] PIER 149 [2014] PIER 148 [2014] PIER 147 [2014] PIER 146 [2014] PIER 145 [2014] PIER 144 [2014] PIER 143 [2013] PIER 142 [2013] PIER 141 [2013] PIER 140 [2013] PIER 139 [2013] PIER 138 [2013] PIER 137 [2013] PIER 136 [2013] PIER 135 [2013] PIER 134 [2013] PIER 133 [2013] PIER 132 [2012] PIER 131 [2012] PIER 130 [2012] PIER 129 [2012] PIER 128 [2012] PIER 127 [2012] PIER 126 [2012] PIER 125 [2012] PIER 124 [2012] PIER 123 [2012] PIER 122 [2012] PIER 121 [2011] PIER 120 [2011] PIER 119 [2011] PIER 118 [2011] PIER 117 [2011] PIER 116 [2011] PIER 115 [2011] PIER 114 [2011] PIER 113 [2011] PIER 112 [2011] PIER 111 [2011] PIER 110 [2010] PIER 109 [2010] PIER 108 [2010] PIER 107 [2010] PIER 106 [2010] PIER 105 [2010] PIER 104 [2010] PIER 103 [2010] PIER 102 [2010] PIER 101 [2010] PIER 100 [2010] PIER 99 [2009] PIER 98 [2009] PIER 97 [2009] PIER 96 [2009] PIER 95 [2009] PIER 94 [2009] PIER 93 [2009] PIER 92 [2009] PIER 91 [2009] PIER 90 [2009] PIER 89 [2009] PIER 88 [2008] PIER 87 [2008] PIER 86 [2008] PIER 85 [2008] PIER 84 [2008] PIER 83 [2008] PIER 82 [2008] PIER 81 [2008] PIER 80 [2008] PIER 79 [2008] PIER 78 [2008] PIER 77 [2007] PIER 76 [2007] PIER 75 [2007] PIER 74 [2007] PIER 73 [2007] PIER 72 [2007] PIER 71 [2007] PIER 70 [2007] PIER 69 [2007] PIER 68 [2007] PIER 67 [2007] PIER 66 [2006] PIER 65 [2006] PIER 64 [2006] PIER 63 [2006] PIER 62 [2006] PIER 61 [2006] PIER 60 [2006] PIER 59 [2006] PIER 58 [2006] PIER 57 [2006] PIER 56 [2006] PIER 55 [2005] PIER 54 [2005] PIER 53 [2005] PIER 52 [2005] PIER 51 [2005] PIER 50 [2005] PIER 49 [2004] PIER 48 [2004] PIER 47 [2004] PIER 46 [2004] PIER 45 [2004] PIER 44 [2004] PIER 43 [2003] PIER 42 [2003] PIER 41 [2003] PIER 40 [2003] PIER 39 [2003] PIER 38 [2002] PIER 37 [2002] PIER 36 [2002] PIER 35 [2002] PIER 34 [2001] PIER 33 [2001] PIER 32 [2001] PIER 31 [2001] PIER 30 [2001] PIER 29 [2000] PIER 28 [2000] PIER 27 [2000] PIER 26 [2000] PIER 25 [2000] PIER 24 [1999] PIER 23 [1999] PIER 22 [1999] PIER 21 [1999] PIER 20 [1998] PIER 19 [1998] PIER 18 [1998] PIER 17 [1997] PIER 16 [1997] PIER 15 [1997] PIER 14 [1996] PIER 13 [1996] PIER 12 [1996] PIER 11 [1995] PIER 10 [1995] PIER 09 [1994] PIER 08 [1994] PIER 07 [1993] PIER 06 [1992] PIER 05 [1991] PIER 04 [1991] PIER 03 [1990] PIER 02 [1990] PIER 01 [1989]
2013-03-12
Development of Pyramidal Microwave Absorber Using Sugar Cane Bagasse (Scb)
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 137, 687-702, 2013
Abstract
The need to find ways to effectively utilize the large quantities of agricultural waste that are produced is indicative of the huge potential associated with producing an alternative pyramidal microwave absorber for anechoic chamber-testing applications. We propose the development of a pyramidal microwave absorber that can use sugar cane bagasse (SCB), a byproduct from the production and processing of sugar cane, as the absorbent. In this paper, we report the results of our use of dielectric probe measurement to determine the dielectric constant and loss tangent of SCB. These values were used to model and simulate an SCB pyramidal microwave absorber in Computer Simulation Technology's (CST's) Microwave Studio. This absorber was operated in the microwave frequency range between 0.1 GHz and 20.0 GHz.
Citation
Liyana Zahid, Mohd Fareq Bin Abd Malek, Hassan Nornikman, Nur Adyani Mohd Affendi, Azuwa Ali, Nuriziani Hussin, Badrul Hisham Ahmad, and Mohamad Zoinol Abidin Abdul Aziz, "Development of Pyramidal Microwave Absorber Using Sugar Cane Bagasse (Scb)," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 137, 687-702, 2013.
doi:10.2528/PIER13012602
References

1. Umesh, K. G. and S. Dhiraj, "Optimization of process parameters for removal of CR (VI) from aqueous solutions using modified sugarcane bagasse, electronic journal of environmental," Agricultural and Food Chemistry, Vol. 4, No. 6, 1150-1160, 2005.

2. Lam, S. S. and H. A. Chase, "A review on waste to energy processes using microwave pyrolysis," Energies, Vol. 5, 4209-4232, 2012.
doi:10.3390/en5104209

3. Suhardy, D., M. Salleh, S. S., M. Z. Salleh, K. Farizul Hafiz, and S. Saiful, "Azhar, analysis of chemical composition in sugarcane bagasse and rice straw for their suitability fir use in paper production," The International Conference of Sustainable Materials (ICoSM), 291-292, 2007.

4. Saiful Azhar, S., D. Suhardy, F. H. Kasim, and M. Nazry Salleh, "Isolation and characterization of pulp from sugar cane bagasse and rice straw," Journal of Nuclear and Related Technologies, Vol. 4, 109-114, 2007.

5. Azevedo, J. M. D. and F. D. Galiana, "The sugarcane ethanol power industry in brazil: Obstacles, success and perspectives," 2009 IEEE Electrical Power & Energy Conference (EPEC), 1-6, 2009.
doi:10.1109/EPEC.2009.5420780

7. Lee, H.-M. and H.-S. Lee, "A dualband metamaterial absorber based with resonant-magnetic structures," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 33, 1-12, 2012.

8. Huang, H., F.-H. Xue, B. Lu, F. Wang, X.-L. Dong, and W.-J. Park, "Enhanced polarization in tadpole-shaped (NI, AL)/ALN nanoparticles and microwave absorption at high frequencies," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 34, 31-46, 2011.

9. Iqbal, M. N., F. Malek, S. H. Ronald, M. Shafiq, K. M. Juni, and R. Chat, "A study of the EMC performance of a graded - Impedance, microwave, rice husk absorber," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 131, 19-44, 2012.

10. Nornikman, H., B. H. Ahmad, M. Z. A. A. Aziz, F. Malek, H. Imran, and A. R. Othman, "Study and simulation of an edge couple split ring resonator (EC-SRR) on truncated pyramidal microwave absorber," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 127, 319-334, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIER12030601

11. Huang, L. and H. Chen, "Multi-band and polarization insensitive metamaterial absorber," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 113, 103-110, 2011.

12. He, X.-J., Y. Wang, J.-M. Wang, T.-L. Gui, and Q. Wu, "Dual-band terahertz metamaterial absorber with polarization insensitivity and wide incident angle," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 115, 381-397, 2011.

13. Liu, H. X., B. F. Yao, L. Li, and X. W. Shi, "Analysis and design of thin planar absorbing structure using Jerusalem cross slot," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 31, 261-281, 2011.

14. Gargama, H., S. K. Chaturvedi, and A. K. Thakur, "On the design and reliability analysis of electromagnetic absorbers using real-coded genetic algorithm and monte carlo simulation," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 43, 169-187, 2012.

15. Fallahzadeh, S., K. Forooraghi, and Z. Atlasbaf, "Design, simulation and measurement of a dual linear polarization insensitive planar resonant metamaterial absorber," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 35, 135-144, 2012.

16. Singh, D., A. Kumar, S. Meena, and V. Agarwala, "Analysis of frequency selective surfaces for radar absorbing materials," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 38, 297-314, 2012.

17. Emerson and Cumming, , Data Sheet of Eccosorb VHP NRL Pyramidal Microwave Absorber, 1-4, 2008.

18. TDK, RF Solution Inc. Absorber for Microwave and Millimeter Wave Test Chamber, 1-16, 2008.

19. Hasnain, A., B. M. Hafiz, S. Roslan, M. I. Imran, A. A. Takiyuddin, A. Rusnani, and O. M. Khusairi, "Development of an economical and effective microwave absorber," Asia-Pacific Conference on Applied Electromagnetics (APACE 2007), 1-5, 2007.
doi:10.1109/APACE.2007.4603966

20. Salleh, M. K. M., M. Yahya, Z. Awang, W. N. W. Muhamad, A. M. Mozi, and N. Yaacob, "Experimental verification of multi-layer coconut shell-derived microwave absorbers," 2011 IEEE International RF and Microwave Conference (RFM), 115-118, 2011.
doi:10.1109/RFM.2011.6168709

21. Yusof, A. A., W. K. Wan Ali, T. Abd Rahman, and F. N. Ali, "Microwave and reflection properties of palm shell carbon-polyester conductive composite absorber," Jurnal Teknologi, Vol. 42A, 59-74, 2005.

22. Farhany, Z. S., F. Malek, H. Nornikman, N. A. Mohd Affendi, L. Mohamed, N. Saudin, and A. A. Ali, "Potential of dried banana leaves for pyramidal microwave absorber design," 2012 IEEE Symposium on Wireless Technology and Applications (ISWTA), 60-65, 2011.

23. Noordin, I. R. M., H. A. Idris, M. N. Taib, J. M. Sharif, A. D. Rosli, A. Zanal, and A. T. Abdullah, "Investigation of oil palm ash microwave absorber for broadband application," 2012 IEEE 8th International Colloquium on Signal Processing and Its Applications (CSPA), 232-235, 2012.
doi:10.1109/CSPA.2012.6194724

24. Nornikman, H., F. Malek, P. J. Soh, A. A. H. Azremi, F. H. Wee, and A. Hasnain, "Parametric study of pyramidal microwave absorber using rice husks," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 104, 145-166, 2010.
doi:10.2528/PIER10041003

25. Malek, F., E. M. Cheng, O. Nadiah, H. Nornikman, M. Ahmed, M. Z. A. Abd Aziz, A. R. Osman, P. J. Soh, A. A. H. Azremi, A. Hasnain, and M. N.Taib, "Rubber tire dust-rice husk pyramidal microwave absorber," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 117, 449-447, 2011.

26. Ibrahim, I. M., N. M. Yaakob, M. N. Husain, S. M. Se, and A. Shaaban, "The effect of the carbon on the S11 measurement on the pyramidal microwave absorbers," 2011 IEEE Symposium on Wireless Technology and Applications (ISWTA), 141-145, 2011.
doi:10.1109/ISWTA.2011.6089397

27. Zivkovic, I. and A. Murk, "Characterization of magnetically loaded microwave absorbers," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 33, 277-289, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIERB11071108

28. Nornikman, H., P. J. Soh, F. Malek, A. A. H. Azremi, F. H. Wee, and R. B. Ahmad, "Microwave wedge absorber design using rice husk - An evaluation on placement variation," 2010 Asia-Pacific International Symposium on Electromagnetic Compatibility (APEMC), 927-930, 2010.

29. Nornikman, H., F. Malek, P. J. Soh, and A. A. H. Azremi, "Reflection loss performance of hexagonal base pyramid microwave absorber using different agricultural waste material," Loughborough Antennas and Propagation Conference 2010 (LAPC), 313-316, 2010.
doi:10.1109/LAPC.2010.5666029

30. Bo, Z., Z.-B. Wang, Z.-Z. Yu, Z. Qi, J.-M. Zhao, Y.-J. Feng, and J. Tian, "Planar metamaterial microwave absorber for all wave polarizations," 2009 Chinese Physics Letters, Vol. 26, No. 11, 1-4, 2009.

31. Goudus, S. K. and J. N. Sahalos, "Microwave absorber optimal design using multi-objective particle swarm optimization," Microwave and Optical Technology Letters, Vol. 48, No. 8, 1553-1558, 2006.
doi:10.1002/mop.21727

32. Nornikman, H., F. Malek, M. Ahmed, F. H. Wee, P. J. Soh, A. A. H. Azremi, S. A. Ghani, A. Hasnain, and M. N. Taib, "Setup and results of pyramidal microwave absorbers using rice husks," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 111, 141-161, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIER10101203

33. Bobowski, J. S., T. Johnson, and C. Eskicioglu, "Permittivity of waste-activated sludge by an open-ended coaxial line," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 29, 139-142, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIERL11120304

34. Li, S., R. Chen, S. Anwar, W. Lu, Y. Lai, H. Chen, B. Hou, F. Ren, and B. Gu, "Applying effective medium theory in characterizing dielectric constant of solids," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 35, 145-153, 2012.

35. Legenkiy, M. and A. Butrym, "Pulse signals in open circular dielectric waveguide," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 22, 9-17, 2011.

36. Tremola, C., M. Azpurua, E. Paez, D. Ormeno, and A. Rebolledo, "An interpolation method to calibrate electromagnetic probes in semi-anechoic chambers," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 39, 355-371, 2012.
doi:10.2528/PIERB12012604

37. Cheng, E. M., F. Malek, M. Ahmed, K. Y. You, K. Y. Lee, and H. Nornikman, "The use of dielectric mixture equations to analyze the dielectric properties of a mixture of a rubber tire dust and rice husks in a microwave absorber," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 129, 559-578, 2012.

38. Malek, F., E. M. Cheng, O. Nadiah, H. Nornikman, M. Ahmed, M. Z. A. Abd Aziz, A. R. Osman, P. J. Soh, A. A. H. Azremi, A. Hasnain, and M. N. Taib, "Rubber tire dust-rice husk pyramidal microwave absorber," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 117, 449-447, 2011.

39. Nornikman, H., B. H. Ahmad, M. Z. A. Abd Aziz, and M. R. Kamarudin, "Effect of spiral split ring resonator (S-SRR) structure on truncated pyramidal microwave absorber design," 2012 International Symposium on Antennas and Propagation, (ISAP), 1188-1191, 2012.

40. Nornikman, H., P. J. Soh, and A. A. H. Azremi, "Performance simulation of pyramidal and wedge microwave absorbers," 3rd Asian Modelling Symposium (AMS), 649-654, 2009.

41. Liyana, Z., F. Malek, H. Nornikman, N. A. Mohd Affendi, L. Mohamed, N. Saudin, and A. A. Ali, "Investigation of sugar cane bagasse as alternative material for pyramidal microwave absorber design," 2012 IEEE Symposium on Wireless Technology and Applications (ISWTA), 60-65, 2012.

42. Nornikman, H., F. Malek, P. J. Soh, and A. A. H. Azremi, "Effect on source signal condition for pyramidal microwave absorber performance," International Conference on Computer & Communication Engineering (ICCCE 2010), 289-293, 2010.

43. Nornikman, H., F. Malek, P. J. Soh, A. A. H. Azremi, F. H. Wee, and A. Hasnain , "Measurement of pyramidal microwave absorbers using RCS methods," The 3rd International Conference on Intelligent & Advanced Systems (ICIAS), 1-5, 2010.