Vol. 105
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERB 105 [2024] PIERB 104 [2024] PIERB 103 [2023] PIERB 102 [2023] PIERB 101 [2023] PIERB 100 [2023] PIERB 99 [2023] PIERB 98 [2023] PIERB 97 [2022] PIERB 96 [2022] PIERB 95 [2022] PIERB 94 [2021] PIERB 93 [2021] PIERB 92 [2021] PIERB 91 [2021] PIERB 90 [2021] PIERB 89 [2020] PIERB 88 [2020] PIERB 87 [2020] PIERB 86 [2020] PIERB 85 [2019] PIERB 84 [2019] PIERB 83 [2019] PIERB 82 [2018] PIERB 81 [2018] PIERB 80 [2018] PIERB 79 [2017] PIERB 78 [2017] PIERB 77 [2017] PIERB 76 [2017] PIERB 75 [2017] PIERB 74 [2017] PIERB 73 [2017] PIERB 72 [2017] PIERB 71 [2016] PIERB 70 [2016] PIERB 69 [2016] PIERB 68 [2016] PIERB 67 [2016] PIERB 66 [2016] PIERB 65 [2016] PIERB 64 [2015] PIERB 63 [2015] PIERB 62 [2015] PIERB 61 [2014] PIERB 60 [2014] PIERB 59 [2014] PIERB 58 [2014] PIERB 57 [2014] PIERB 56 [2013] PIERB 55 [2013] PIERB 54 [2013] PIERB 53 [2013] PIERB 52 [2013] PIERB 51 [2013] PIERB 50 [2013] PIERB 49 [2013] PIERB 48 [2013] PIERB 47 [2013] PIERB 46 [2013] PIERB 45 [2012] PIERB 44 [2012] PIERB 43 [2012] PIERB 42 [2012] PIERB 41 [2012] PIERB 40 [2012] PIERB 39 [2012] PIERB 38 [2012] PIERB 37 [2012] PIERB 36 [2012] PIERB 35 [2011] PIERB 34 [2011] PIERB 33 [2011] PIERB 32 [2011] PIERB 31 [2011] PIERB 30 [2011] PIERB 29 [2011] PIERB 28 [2011] PIERB 27 [2011] PIERB 26 [2010] PIERB 25 [2010] PIERB 24 [2010] PIERB 23 [2010] PIERB 22 [2010] PIERB 21 [2010] PIERB 20 [2010] PIERB 19 [2010] PIERB 18 [2009] PIERB 17 [2009] PIERB 16 [2009] PIERB 15 [2009] PIERB 14 [2009] PIERB 13 [2009] PIERB 12 [2009] PIERB 11 [2009] PIERB 10 [2008] PIERB 9 [2008] PIERB 8 [2008] PIERB 7 [2008] PIERB 6 [2008] PIERB 5 [2008] PIERB 4 [2008] PIERB 3 [2008] PIERB 2 [2008] PIERB 1 [2008]
2024-03-14
PIER B
Vol. 105, 93-105, 2024
download: 20
Exact Expressions for the Near Field of a Thin Uniform Circular Loop Current with Application to Loops Lying on a Half Space
David G. Miljak
Exact analytic solutions for the electromagnetic field due to a thin, uniform circular loop current are presented. The solutions are provided in the form of a power series with respect to wavenumber. The coefficients of the series are real functions of the spatial coordinates and loop radius and involve recursions of complete elliptic integrals or finite sums of elementary functions. Explicit expressions for the magnetic vector potential and electric and magnetic fields are provided for both cylindrical and spherical coordinate systems. The expressions are adapted for computing the electric field and axial magnetic field on the interface of two half spaces generated by a current loop lying on the half-space interface. Expressions for the self and mutual loop impedances are provided for both the free-space and interface case. Computed examples are given for specific frequency and half-space parameters and are compared to known solutions based on spherical Hankel functions or direct integration. The solutions are shown to be particularly efficient in the near field. Their derivation is motivated by recent developments of large sensors used in magnetic resonance sensing of minerals.
Exact Expressions for the Near Field of a Thin Uniform Circular Loop Current with Application to Loops Lying on a Half Space
2024-03-09
PIER B
Vol. 105, 79-91, 2024
download: 68
Innovative Methodology to Improve Flexible Antenna Percentage V-Folding Performance
Ayyala Kishore Ajay Kumar , Atul Thakur , Shabi Baccar , Hugerles S. Silva , Preeti Thakur , Glauco Fontgalland , Yong Zhou and Blaise Ravelo
The folding antennas are anticipated to become mandatory because of integration necesity according to communication object shapes. The effect of folded antennas on the electromagnetic (EM) radiation is an open question for RF and microwave wireless engineers. An innovative approach to explore the flexible patch antenna (FPA) parameters through V-folding analysis is addressed for this problem. This paper is focused on the methodological approach of FPA study by considering an innovative V-folding behaviour compared to the classical flat condition. As proof-of-concept, FPA prototypes are designed on Kapton substrate, simulated, fabricated, and tested. A non-shifting operating frequency is achieved at 3.4 GHz for all percentage-wise folding with a flat (unfold) bandwidth of about 360.8 MHz with good acceptable performance. The FPA performance prediction as reflection coefficient, efficiency, gain, and directivity versus forward and back V-folding percentage and angle is examined. The obtained result can be exploited to predict the V-folding effect on the communication performances of transceiver systems like radar, satellite and multimedia applications.
Innovative Methodology to Improve Flexible Antenna Percentage V-folding Performance
2024-03-05
PIER B
Vol. 105, 59-78, 2024
download: 47
An Energy Distribution Correlation Judgment Method for Interrupted Sampling Repeater Jamming Suppression
Ji Li , Fan Su , Wei Wang , Rui Yan and Jialiang Li
Interrupted Sampling Repeater Jamming (ISRJ) can produce several false targets through intermittent sampling and forwarding of the intercepted signals. The paper proposes an interference identification and suppression method based on Short-Time Fourier Transform-Energy Distribution Correlation Judgment (STFT-EDCJ) to lessen the impact of the false targets mixed in echo pulses. Firstly, the method obtains the energy distribution of echoes in the time-frequency domain employing the short-time Fourier transform, extracts the time slice of higher energy targets through energy peak detection, and then calculates the Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) of the energy distribution in the frequency domain of each target time slice to construct the Target PCC Datasets (TPCCD). Secondly, it distinguishes between the real target and false targets after echo pulse pressure by the range and specificity of TPCCD. Finally, it uses mapping the time domain position of the false targets to suppress interference. The abundant simulation results verify the proposed method's effectiveness, and the Monte Carlo simulation demonstrates the method's usefulness under ISRJ models.
An Energy Distribution Correlation Judgment Method for Interrupted Sampling Repeater Jamming Suppression
2024-03-01
PIER B
Vol. 105, 43-57, 2024
download: 80
Compact UWB Wearable Textile Antenna for on-Body WBAN Applications
Anju Maria and Palayyan Mythili
Wearable textile antennas have obtained remarkable attention in various medical fields due to their ease of integration and flexibility. This paper puts forward an Ultra Wide Band (UWB) Compact Textile Wearable Antenna (CTWA) for Wireless Body Area Network (WBAN) applications. The proposed antenna is a semicircular slotted elliptical antenna with an L shaped stub and a partial defected ground plane. The antenna is fabricated on denim jeans (εr = 1.77) and has an overall dimension of 27 × 28 × 0.7 mm with an operating frequency range 3.01-15.98 GHz, radiation efficiency of 83.5-90.11% and maximum gain of 5.81 dBi. Structural deformation studies including human body loading of the antenna are carried out, and the performance of the antenna is found to be stable. The proposed antenna has a low profile and high fractional bandwidth (137%) compared to the UWB wearable antennas reported in the literature. The calculated Specific Absorption Rate (SAR) of the antenna at the frequencies 4,7 and 10 GHz are 1.2, 1.06, and 1.58 W/Kg, respectively, which lies within the FCC (Federal Communications Commission) standard. The proposed CTWA is compact, flexible, wearable, and robust, which makes it suitable for on-body WBAN applications.
Compact UWB Wearable Textile Antenna for On-body WBAN Applications
2024-02-27
PIER B
Vol. 105, 31-42, 2024
download: 95
Bridging the Terahertz Gap: Channel Modeling for Next-Generation 6G Wireless Networks
Arslan Ahmed Sohoo , Fauziahanim Che Seman , Yee See Khee , Izhar Ahmed Sohu , Nurul S. Ishak and Fatin Hamimah Ikhsan
The THz spectrum (0.1-10 THz) is a region between optics and electronics, and it is still not fully explored and is unlicensed. Recent studies show that it will bring a revolution in technology, especially in the field of communication. Future communication technologies such as 6G and Terabit DSL will utilize this THz band as it has the capability to support high data rates in Tbps. For designing an efficient system that propagates these THz waves with low loss, it is required to understand the propagation channel properly. THz channel modeling is at its infancy stage, and a detailed investigation of channel behavior is required to study the efficient propagation of THz waves. In this study, the methods applied to the modeling of the THz channel are discussed in detail. Although channel modeling is a broad topic here only the methods and techniques are discussed along with their advantages and limitations. Lastly, the challenges and the future direction in the field of THz channel modeling are also discussed.
Bridging the Terahertz Gap: Channel Modeling for Next-generation 6G Wireless Networks
2024-02-19
PIER B
Vol. 105, 17-29, 2024
download: 68
Advancing Microstrip Patch Antennas through Prosopis Africana Conductive Ink-Based Thick Films for Enhanced Bandwidth in Radar Applications
Suleiman Babani , Mohd Nizar Hamidon , Alyani Ismail , Haslina Binti Jaafar , Intan Helina Hassan , Jun-Jiat Tiang , Surajo Muhammad and Ibrahim Garba Shitu
This paper addresses the bandwidth limitations inherent in microstrip patch antennas, which are commonly employed in radar applications owing to their compact size and integration convenience. To overcome these limitations, this study explores the application of Prosopis Africana conductive ink-based thick film, an innovative and environmentally friendly material. Originating from the African mesquite tree, this ink exhibits high conductivity owing to its elevated carbon content, presenting a compelling solution for enhancing microstrip patch antenna bandwidth. The research entails thoroughly examining microstrip antenna design principles and associated challenges, followed by exploring the unique properties of Prosopis Africana conductive ink. A detailed methodology outlines the fabrication process of the ink-based thick layer or film on the substrate, with simulation and measurements employed to evaluate its impact on impedance matching and radiation characteristics. Emphasizing the eco-friendliness of Prosopis Africana conductive ink aligning with green electronics trends, the study showcases its potential for advancing wireless communication systems while reducing ecological footprints. Results demonstrate a substantial bandwidth improvement exceeding 1.85 GHz, a simulation |S11| return loss value of -16.19 dB, and achieved 84.5% radiation efficiency of the operating frequency at 9.5 GHz and a peak realized gain of 7.10 dB. Hence, integrating Prosopis Africana conductive ink-based thick film is a viable strategy for augmenting microstrip patch antenna bandwidth, rendering them more adept for radar applications.
Advancing Microstrip Patch Antennas through Prosopis Africana Conductive Ink-based Thick Films for Enhanced Bandwidth in Radar Applications
2024-02-08
PIER B
Vol. 105, 1-15, 2024
download: 127
Circularly Polarized Double-Walled SIW Fractal Slot and Hexagonal Ring Slot Antenna Array for X-Band Satellite Applications
Mostafa Mahmoud Rabie , Mohamed S. El-Gendy , Angie Reda El Damak , Fawzy Ibrahim and Hadia El-Hennawy
This paper presents a circularly polarized double wall substrate integrated waveguide (SIW) fractal slot antenna array designed for X-band satellite applications. The proposed antenna demonstrates a reflection coefficient, covering the frequency range from 7.3 GHz to 8.5 GHz. The antenna is circularly polarized with a 3-dB axial ratio bandwidth ranging from 7.88 GHz to 8.58 GHz. The antenna array exhibits a gain variation between 11 dBi and 12.51 dBi. Moreover, the proposed design achieves an efficiency of 89%. With overall dimensions of 177 mm x 48.8 mm x 3.175 mm (4.8λ0 x 1.32λ0 x 0.086λ0), the antenna array is compact and suitable for satellites with limited surface area. This compact form factor facilitates seamless integration into satellite systems without compromising performance. The proposed antenna is suitable to be employed for the satellite X-band telemetry application extending from 7.9 GHz to 8.4 GHz. A prototype of the proposed antenna has been fabricated and then measured using Vector Network Analyzer (VNA) and Anechoic chamber. The proposed antenna's measurement results match the simulated results.
Circularly Polarized Double-walled SIW Fractal Slot and Hexagonal Ring Slot Antenna Array for X-band Satellite Applications