Vol. 23
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERL 119 [2024] PIERL 118 [2024] PIERL 117 [2024] PIERL 116 [2024] PIERL 115 [2024] PIERL 114 [2023] PIERL 113 [2023] PIERL 112 [2023] PIERL 111 [2023] PIERL 110 [2023] PIERL 109 [2023] PIERL 108 [2023] PIERL 107 [2022] PIERL 106 [2022] PIERL 105 [2022] PIERL 104 [2022] PIERL 103 [2022] PIERL 102 [2022] PIERL 101 [2021] PIERL 100 [2021] PIERL 99 [2021] PIERL 98 [2021] PIERL 97 [2021] PIERL 96 [2021] PIERL 95 [2021] PIERL 94 [2020] PIERL 93 [2020] PIERL 92 [2020] PIERL 91 [2020] PIERL 90 [2020] PIERL 89 [2020] PIERL 88 [2020] PIERL 87 [2019] PIERL 86 [2019] PIERL 85 [2019] PIERL 84 [2019] PIERL 83 [2019] PIERL 82 [2019] PIERL 81 [2019] PIERL 80 [2018] PIERL 79 [2018] PIERL 78 [2018] PIERL 77 [2018] PIERL 76 [2018] PIERL 75 [2018] PIERL 74 [2018] PIERL 73 [2018] PIERL 72 [2018] PIERL 71 [2017] PIERL 70 [2017] PIERL 69 [2017] PIERL 68 [2017] PIERL 67 [2017] PIERL 66 [2017] PIERL 65 [2017] PIERL 64 [2016] PIERL 63 [2016] PIERL 62 [2016] PIERL 61 [2016] PIERL 60 [2016] PIERL 59 [2016] PIERL 58 [2016] PIERL 57 [2015] PIERL 56 [2015] PIERL 55 [2015] PIERL 54 [2015] PIERL 53 [2015] PIERL 52 [2015] PIERL 51 [2015] PIERL 50 [2014] PIERL 49 [2014] PIERL 48 [2014] PIERL 47 [2014] PIERL 46 [2014] PIERL 45 [2014] PIERL 44 [2014] PIERL 43 [2013] PIERL 42 [2013] PIERL 41 [2013] PIERL 40 [2013] PIERL 39 [2013] PIERL 38 [2013] PIERL 37 [2013] PIERL 36 [2013] PIERL 35 [2012] PIERL 34 [2012] PIERL 33 [2012] PIERL 32 [2012] PIERL 31 [2012] PIERL 30 [2012] PIERL 29 [2012] PIERL 28 [2012] PIERL 27 [2011] PIERL 26 [2011] PIERL 25 [2011] PIERL 24 [2011] PIERL 23 [2011] PIERL 22 [2011] PIERL 21 [2011] PIERL 20 [2011] PIERL 19 [2010] PIERL 18 [2010] PIERL 17 [2010] PIERL 16 [2010] PIERL 15 [2010] PIERL 14 [2010] PIERL 13 [2010] PIERL 12 [2009] PIERL 11 [2009] PIERL 10 [2009] PIERL 9 [2009] PIERL 8 [2009] PIERL 7 [2009] PIERL 6 [2009] PIERL 5 [2008] PIERL 4 [2008] PIERL 3 [2008] PIERL 2 [2008] PIERL 1 [2008]
2011-04-18
Miniaturized Size Branch Line Coupler Using Open Stubs with High-Low Impedances
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 23, 65-74, 2011
Abstract
In this paper a miniaturized branch-line coupler is proposed. The topology of the circuit is designed using novel design of T-model approach with open stubs with high-low impedances, which provides necessary bandwidth for WLAN band at 2.45GHz. The miniaturized branch-line coupler is designed and fabricated with a low-cost FR4 substrate as a platform in producing significantly reduction by more than 64.21% compared to the conventional coupler on inexpensive board. Furthermore, the coupler can equally divide the input signal with 90° phase of difference while maintaining the initial power from the source.
Citation
Mohamed Yasir Omer Elhiwairis, Sharul Kamal Bin Abd Rahim, Uche A. Kennedy Okonkwo, Noorlindawaty Bte Md Jizat, and Mohd Faizal Bin Jamlos, "Miniaturized Size Branch Line Coupler Using Open Stubs with High-Low Impedances," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 23, 65-74, 2011.
doi:10.2528/PIERL11022306
References

1. Maas, S. A., Microwave Mixers, Artech House, Norwood, MA, 1986.

2. Riblet, G. P., "A directional coupler with very flat coupling," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 26, No. 2, 70-74, Feb. 1978.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.1978.1129315

3. Banba, S., T. Hasegawa, and H. Ogawa, "Multilayer MMIC branch-line hybrid using thin dielectric layers," IEEE Microw. Guided Wave Lett., Vol. 1, No. 11, 346-347, Nov. 1991.
doi:10.1109/75.93907

4. Muraguchi, M., T. Yukitake, and Y. Naito, "Optimum design of 3-dB branch-line couplers using microstrip lines," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 31, No. 8, 674-678, Aug. 1983.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.1983.1131568

5. Lin, C. T., C. L. Liao, and C. H. Chen, "Finite-ground coplanar-waveguide branch-line couplers," IEEE Trans. Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., Vol. 11, No. 3, 127-129, Mar. 2001.
doi:10.1109/7260.915626

6. Weng, L. H., Y. C. Guo, X. W. Shi, and X. Q. Chen, "An overview on defected ground structures," Progress In Electromagnetics Research B, Vol. 7, 173-189, 2008.
doi:10.2528/PIERB08031401

7. Caulton, M., B. Hershenov, S. P. Knight, and R. E. Debrecht, "Status of lumped elements in microwave integrated circuit-present and future," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 9, No. 7, 588-599, Jul. 1971.

8. Chiang, Y. C. and C. Y. Chen, "Design of a wide-band lumped-element 3-dB quadrature coupler," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 49, No. 3, 476-479, Mar. 2001.
doi:10.1109/22.910551

9. Hirota, T., A. Minakaw, and M. Muraguchi, "Reduced-size branch-line and rat-race hybrids for uniplanar MMIC's," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 38, No. 3, 270-275, Mar. 1990.
doi:10.1109/22.45344

10. Singh, R. B. and T. M.Weller, "Miniaturized 20 GHz CPW quadrature coupler using capacitive loading," Microw. Opt. Technol. Lett., Vol. 30, No. 1, 3-5, Jul. 2001.
doi:10.1002/mop.1203

11. Tung, W. S., H. H. Wu, and Y. C. Chiang, "Design of microwave wideband quadrature hybrid using planar transformer coupling method," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 51, No. 7, 1852-1856, Jul. 2003.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2003.814311

12. Scardelletti, M. C., G. E. Ponchak, and T. M. Weller, "Miniaturized Wilkinson power dividers utilizing capacitive loading," IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., Vol. 12, No. 1, 6-8, Jan. 2002.
doi:10.1109/7260.975717

13. Wang, C. W., T. G. Ma, and C. F. Yang, "A new planar artificial transmission line and its applications to a miniaturized butler matrix," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 55, No. 12, 2792-2801, 2007.
doi:10.1109/TMTT.2007.909474

14. Shum, K. M., Q. Xue, and C. H. Chan, "A novel microstrip ring hybrid incorporating a PBG cell," IEEE Microw. and Wirel Compon. Lett., Vol. 11, No. 6, 258-260, 2001.
doi:10.1109/7260.928931

15. Settaluri, R. K., G. Sundberg, A. Weisshaar, and V. K. Tripathi, "Compact folded line rat-race hybrid couplers," IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Tech., Vol. 10, No. 2, 61-63, Feb. 2000..

16. Chen, W. L. and G. M. Wang, "Design of novel miniaturizedfractal-shaped branch-line couplers," Asia-Pasic Microwave Conf., APMC 2007, 13, Dec. 11-14, 2007.

17. Sun, K. O., S. J. Ho, C. C. Yen, and D. Weide, "A compact branch-line coupler using discontinuous microstrip lines," IEEE Microw. and Wirel. Compon. Lett., Vol. 15, No. 8, 519-520, 2005.
doi:10.1109/LMWC.2005.852789

18. Tang, C. W., M. G. Chen, and J. W. Wu, "Realization of ultra-compact planar microstrip branch-line couplers with high-impedance open stubs," IEEE/MTT-S Intern. Symp. Microw., 995-998, Jun. 3-8, 2007.