Vol. 80
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIERC 142 [2024] PIERC 141 [2024] PIERC 140 [2024] PIERC 139 [2024] PIERC 138 [2023] PIERC 137 [2023] PIERC 136 [2023] PIERC 135 [2023] PIERC 134 [2023] PIERC 133 [2023] PIERC 132 [2023] PIERC 131 [2023] PIERC 130 [2023] PIERC 129 [2023] PIERC 128 [2023] PIERC 127 [2022] PIERC 126 [2022] PIERC 125 [2022] PIERC 124 [2022] PIERC 123 [2022] PIERC 122 [2022] PIERC 121 [2022] PIERC 120 [2022] PIERC 119 [2022] PIERC 118 [2022] PIERC 117 [2021] PIERC 116 [2021] PIERC 115 [2021] PIERC 114 [2021] PIERC 113 [2021] PIERC 112 [2021] PIERC 111 [2021] PIERC 110 [2021] PIERC 109 [2021] PIERC 108 [2021] PIERC 107 [2021] PIERC 106 [2020] PIERC 105 [2020] PIERC 104 [2020] PIERC 103 [2020] PIERC 102 [2020] PIERC 101 [2020] PIERC 100 [2020] PIERC 99 [2020] PIERC 98 [2020] PIERC 97 [2019] PIERC 96 [2019] PIERC 95 [2019] PIERC 94 [2019] PIERC 93 [2019] PIERC 92 [2019] PIERC 91 [2019] PIERC 90 [2019] PIERC 89 [2019] PIERC 88 [2018] PIERC 87 [2018] PIERC 86 [2018] PIERC 85 [2018] PIERC 84 [2018] PIERC 83 [2018] PIERC 82 [2018] PIERC 81 [2018] PIERC 80 [2018] PIERC 79 [2017] PIERC 78 [2017] PIERC 77 [2017] PIERC 76 [2017] PIERC 75 [2017] PIERC 74 [2017] PIERC 73 [2017] PIERC 72 [2017] PIERC 71 [2017] PIERC 70 [2016] PIERC 69 [2016] PIERC 68 [2016] PIERC 67 [2016] PIERC 66 [2016] PIERC 65 [2016] PIERC 64 [2016] PIERC 63 [2016] PIERC 62 [2016] PIERC 61 [2016] PIERC 60 [2015] PIERC 59 [2015] PIERC 58 [2015] PIERC 57 [2015] PIERC 56 [2015] PIERC 55 [2014] PIERC 54 [2014] PIERC 53 [2014] PIERC 52 [2014] PIERC 51 [2014] PIERC 50 [2014] PIERC 49 [2014] PIERC 48 [2014] PIERC 47 [2014] PIERC 46 [2014] PIERC 45 [2013] PIERC 44 [2013] PIERC 43 [2013] PIERC 42 [2013] PIERC 41 [2013] PIERC 40 [2013] PIERC 39 [2013] PIERC 38 [2013] PIERC 37 [2013] PIERC 36 [2013] PIERC 35 [2013] PIERC 34 [2013] PIERC 33 [2012] PIERC 32 [2012] PIERC 31 [2012] PIERC 30 [2012] PIERC 29 [2012] PIERC 28 [2012] PIERC 27 [2012] PIERC 26 [2012] PIERC 25 [2012] PIERC 24 [2011] PIERC 23 [2011] PIERC 22 [2011] PIERC 21 [2011] PIERC 20 [2011] PIERC 19 [2011] PIERC 18 [2011] PIERC 17 [2010] PIERC 16 [2010] PIERC 15 [2010] PIERC 14 [2010] PIERC 13 [2010] PIERC 12 [2010] PIERC 11 [2009] PIERC 10 [2009] PIERC 9 [2009] PIERC 8 [2009] PIERC 7 [2009] PIERC 6 [2009] PIERC 5 [2008] PIERC 4 [2008] PIERC 3 [2008] PIERC 2 [2008] PIERC 1 [2008]
2017-12-08
Metal-Covered Handset with LTE MIMO, Wi-Fi MIMO, and GPS Antennas
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 80, 89-101, 2018
Abstract
Current phones include more metal than earlier, which deteriorates the performance of antennas. This paper presents the first complete antenna set designed for a modern handset with a full metal back cover. 4G, Wi-Fi, and GPS antennas are integrated into the metallic side frame of the device in a realistic model. The designed antennas are either capacitive coupling elements with reactive loads or slot antennas. Fixed matching circuits are used to improve total efficiency. The passive implementation enables the use of carrier aggregation (CA) to increase the data rates, and includes also the multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) operation for 4G and Wi-Fi. The designed antennas cover frequency bands 704--960 MHz, 1.56--1.61 GHz, 1.71--2.69 GHz, 2.4--2.484 GHz, and 5.15--5.875 GHz, producing in measurements a good agreement with simulation results.
Citation
Joni Kurvinen, Anu Lehtovuori, Jianchun Mai, Chao Wang, and Ville Viikari, "Metal-Covered Handset with LTE MIMO, Wi-Fi MIMO, and GPS Antennas," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 80, 89-101, 2018.
doi:10.2528/PIERC17082303
References

1. Ban, Y. L., Y. F. Qiang, Z. Chen, K. Kang, and J. H. Guo, "A dual-loop antenna design for hepta-bandWWAN/LTE metal-rimmed smartphone applications," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 63, No. 1, 48-58, Jan. 2015.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2014.2368573

2. Stanley, M., Y. Huang, H. Wang, S. S. Aljaafreh, Q. Xu, and L. Xing, "LTE MIMO antenna using unbroken metallic rim and non resonant CCE element," Proc. 10th Eur. Conf. on Antennas Propag. (EuCAP), 1-4, Davos, Switzerland, Apr. 2016.

3. Hsu, C. K. and S. J. Chung, "Compact multiband antenna for handsets with a conducting edge," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 63, No. 11, 5102-5107, Nov. 2015.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2015.2473657

4. Ban, Y. L., Y. F. Qiang, G. Wu, H. Wang, and K. L. Wong, "Reconfigurable narrow-frame antenna for LTE/WWAN metal-rimmed smartphone applications," IET Microw. Antennas Propag., Vol. 10, No. 10, 1092-1100, Jul. 2016.
doi:10.1049/iet-map.2015.0610

5. Lian, J. W., Y. L. Ban, Y. L. Yang, L. W. Zhang, C. Y. D. Sim, and K. Kang, "Hybrid multi-mode narrow-frame antenna for WWAN/LTE metal-rimmed smartphone applications," IEEE Access, Vol. 4, 3991-3998, Jul. 2016.

6. Lee, D., W. C. Choi, J. Ahn, and Y. J. Yoon, "A simple monopole antenna for hepta-band LTE/WWAN metal-framed mobile phone," Proc. Int. Symp. Antennas Propag. (ISAP), 1-3, Hobart, Australia, Apr. 2015.

7. Chen, H. and A. Zhao, "LTE antenna design for mobile phone with metal frame," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 15, 1462-1465, Dec. 2015.

8. Qu, L., H. Lee, H. Shin, M. G. Kim, and H. Kim, "MIMO antennas using controlled orthogonal characteristic modes by metal rims," IET Microw. Antennas Propag., Vol. 11, No. 7, 1009-1015, Jun. 2017.
doi:10.1049/iet-map.2016.0995

9. Stanley, M., Y. Huang, H. Wang, H. Zhou, Z. Tian, and Q. Xu, "A novel reconfigurable metal rim integrated open slot antenna for octa-band smartphone applications," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 65, No. 7, 3352-3363, Jul. 2017.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2017.2700084

10. Yang, Y., Z. Zhao, W. Yang, Z. Nie, and Q. H. Liu, "Compact multimode monopole antenna for metal-rimmed mobile phones," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 65, No. 5, 2297-2304, May 2017.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2017.2679059

11. Son, T. and Y. Jo, "Wideband mobile MIMO antenna for the metal cover phone," Proc. IEEE Region 10 Conf. (TENCON), 1-3, Macao, China, Nov. 2015.

12. Wu, C. Y., Y. L. Kuo, and K. C. Lin, "Low-profile tunableWWAN antenna for whole-metal-covered mobile phone applications," Proc. Int. Symp. Antennas Propag. (ISAP), 275-276, Kaohsiung, Taiwan, Dec. 2014.

13. Zhong, J., R. M. Edwards, L. Ma, and X.-W. Sun, "Multiband slot antennas for metal back cover mobile handsets," Progress In Electromagnetics Research Letters, Vol. 39, 115-126, Apr. 2013.
doi:10.2528/PIERL13021901

14. Tan, Y. C. M., N. G. G. Hong, and Y. S. R. Tay, "Tuning of LTE main antenna using flexible tunable LC resonant circuitry," Proc. 11th Eur. Conf. Antennas Propag. (EuCAP), 3082-3085, Paris, France, Mar. 2017.

15. Tan, Y. C. M., N. G. G. Hong, and Y. S. R. Tay, "A tunable LTE main antenna solution for metallic cover mobile phone," Proc. 11th Eur. Conf. Antennas Propag. (EuCAP), 2969-2972, Paris, France, Mar. 2017.

16. Kumar, P. and J. Thakur, "Antenna for metal body mobile devices," Proc. IEEE Indian Antenna Week (IAW), 75-77, Madurai, India, Jun. 2016.

17. Chang, C. K., W. J. Liao, and C. C. Tsai, "Metal body-integrated open-end slot-antenna designs for handset LTE uses," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 64, No. 12, 5436-5440, Dec. 2016.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2016.2606544

18. Wu, Z., H. Wang., P. Chen, W. Shen, and G. Yang, "A compact GPS/WLAN antenna design for mobile terminal with full metal housing," Progress In Electromagnetics Research C, Vol. 64, 169-177, Jun. 2016.
doi:10.2528/PIERC16040804

19. Chen, P., P. Wang, Y. Yu, and G. Yang, "A compact LTE antenna design for mobile device with full metal housing," Proc. Int. Workshop Antenna Technology (iWAT), 23-24, Cocoa Beach, FL, USA, Feb.–Mar. 2016.

20. Villanen, J., J. Ollikainen, O. Kivekas, and P. Vainikainen, "Coupling element based mobile terminal antenna structures," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 54, No. 7, 2142-2153, Jul. 2006.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2006.877162

21. Valkonen, R., M. Kaltiokallio, and C. Icheln, "Capacitive coupling element antennas for multistandard mobile handsets," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 61, No. 5, 2783-2791, Feb. 2013.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2013.2244838

22. CST MICROWAVE STUDIO R "3D electromagnetic simulation software,", CST Computer Simulation Technology AG, Darmstadt, Germany, Online Available: https://www.cst.com/products/cstmws/.

23. Optenni Lab. "Matching circuit generation and antenna analysis software,", Optenni Ltd., Espoo, Finland, Online Available: http://www.optenni.com/.

24. Rasilainen, K., A. Lehtovuori, and V. Viikari, "LTE handset antenna with closely-located radiators, low-band MIMO, and high efficiency," Proc. 11th Eur. Conf. Antennas Propag. (EuCAP), 3074-3078, Paris, France, Mar. 2017.

25. Bao, Z., Z. Nie, and X. Zong, "A novel broadband dual-polarization antenna utilizing strong mutual coupling," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 62, No. 1, 450-454, Jan. 2014.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2013.2287010

26. Peng, C. M., I. F. Chen, C. C. Hung, S. M. Shen, C. T. Chien, and C. C. Tseng, "Bandwidth enhancement of internal antenna by using reactive loading for penta-band mobile handset application," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 59, No. 5, 1728-1733, Mar. 2011.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2011.2122232

27. Zhao, L. and K. L. Wu, "A decoupling technique for four-element symmetric arrays with reactively loaded dummy elements," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 62, No. 8, 4416-4421, Jun. 2014.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2014.2326425

28. Ilvonen, J., R. Valkonen, J. Holopainen, and V. Viikari, "Design strategy for 4G handset antennas and a multiband hybrid antenna," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 62, No. 4, 1918-1927, Jan. 2014.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2014.2300131

29. Zhai, G., Z. N. Chen, and X. Qing, "Enhanced isolation of a closely spaced four-element MIMO antenna system using metamaterial mushroom," IEEE Tran. Antennas Propag., Vol. 63, No. 8, 3362-3370, Aug. 2015.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2015.2434403

30. Thummaluru, S. R. and R. K. Chaudhary, "Mu-negative metamaterial filter-based isolation technique for MIMO antennas," Electronics Lett., Vol. 53, No. 10, 644-646, May 2017.
doi:10.1049/el.2017.0809

31. Premix "PREPERM R L335 datasheet,", Premix Oy, Rajam¨aki, Finland, Online Available: http://www.premixgroup.com/wp-content/uploads/2015/02/preperm l335 tds.pdf.

32. Blanch, S., J. Romeu, and I. Corbella, "Exact representation of antenna system diversity performance from input parameter description," Electronics Lett., Vol. 39, No. 9, 705-707, May 2003.
doi:10.1049/el:20030495