Vol. 99
Latest Volume
All Volumes
PIER 179 [2024] PIER 178 [2023] PIER 177 [2023] PIER 176 [2023] PIER 175 [2022] PIER 174 [2022] PIER 173 [2022] PIER 172 [2021] PIER 171 [2021] PIER 170 [2021] PIER 169 [2020] PIER 168 [2020] PIER 167 [2020] PIER 166 [2019] PIER 165 [2019] PIER 164 [2019] PIER 163 [2018] PIER 162 [2018] PIER 161 [2018] PIER 160 [2017] PIER 159 [2017] PIER 158 [2017] PIER 157 [2016] PIER 156 [2016] PIER 155 [2016] PIER 154 [2015] PIER 153 [2015] PIER 152 [2015] PIER 151 [2015] PIER 150 [2015] PIER 149 [2014] PIER 148 [2014] PIER 147 [2014] PIER 146 [2014] PIER 145 [2014] PIER 144 [2014] PIER 143 [2013] PIER 142 [2013] PIER 141 [2013] PIER 140 [2013] PIER 139 [2013] PIER 138 [2013] PIER 137 [2013] PIER 136 [2013] PIER 135 [2013] PIER 134 [2013] PIER 133 [2013] PIER 132 [2012] PIER 131 [2012] PIER 130 [2012] PIER 129 [2012] PIER 128 [2012] PIER 127 [2012] PIER 126 [2012] PIER 125 [2012] PIER 124 [2012] PIER 123 [2012] PIER 122 [2012] PIER 121 [2011] PIER 120 [2011] PIER 119 [2011] PIER 118 [2011] PIER 117 [2011] PIER 116 [2011] PIER 115 [2011] PIER 114 [2011] PIER 113 [2011] PIER 112 [2011] PIER 111 [2011] PIER 110 [2010] PIER 109 [2010] PIER 108 [2010] PIER 107 [2010] PIER 106 [2010] PIER 105 [2010] PIER 104 [2010] PIER 103 [2010] PIER 102 [2010] PIER 101 [2010] PIER 100 [2010] PIER 99 [2009] PIER 98 [2009] PIER 97 [2009] PIER 96 [2009] PIER 95 [2009] PIER 94 [2009] PIER 93 [2009] PIER 92 [2009] PIER 91 [2009] PIER 90 [2009] PIER 89 [2009] PIER 88 [2008] PIER 87 [2008] PIER 86 [2008] PIER 85 [2008] PIER 84 [2008] PIER 83 [2008] PIER 82 [2008] PIER 81 [2008] PIER 80 [2008] PIER 79 [2008] PIER 78 [2008] PIER 77 [2007] PIER 76 [2007] PIER 75 [2007] PIER 74 [2007] PIER 73 [2007] PIER 72 [2007] PIER 71 [2007] PIER 70 [2007] PIER 69 [2007] PIER 68 [2007] PIER 67 [2007] PIER 66 [2006] PIER 65 [2006] PIER 64 [2006] PIER 63 [2006] PIER 62 [2006] PIER 61 [2006] PIER 60 [2006] PIER 59 [2006] PIER 58 [2006] PIER 57 [2006] PIER 56 [2006] PIER 55 [2005] PIER 54 [2005] PIER 53 [2005] PIER 52 [2005] PIER 51 [2005] PIER 50 [2005] PIER 49 [2004] PIER 48 [2004] PIER 47 [2004] PIER 46 [2004] PIER 45 [2004] PIER 44 [2004] PIER 43 [2003] PIER 42 [2003] PIER 41 [2003] PIER 40 [2003] PIER 39 [2003] PIER 38 [2002] PIER 37 [2002] PIER 36 [2002] PIER 35 [2002] PIER 34 [2001] PIER 33 [2001] PIER 32 [2001] PIER 31 [2001] PIER 30 [2001] PIER 29 [2000] PIER 28 [2000] PIER 27 [2000] PIER 26 [2000] PIER 25 [2000] PIER 24 [1999] PIER 23 [1999] PIER 22 [1999] PIER 21 [1999] PIER 20 [1998] PIER 19 [1998] PIER 18 [1998] PIER 17 [1997] PIER 16 [1997] PIER 15 [1997] PIER 14 [1996] PIER 13 [1996] PIER 12 [1996] PIER 11 [1995] PIER 10 [1995] PIER 09 [1994] PIER 08 [1994] PIER 07 [1993] PIER 06 [1992] PIER 05 [1991] PIER 04 [1991] PIER 03 [1990] PIER 02 [1990] PIER 01 [1989]
2009-11-17
Synthesis of Monopulse Sub-Arrayed Linear and Planar Array Antennas with Optimized Sidelobes
By
Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 99, 109-129, 2009
Abstract
In this paper, three approaches for the synthesis of the optimal compromise between sum and difference patterns for sub-arrayed linear and planar arrays are presented. The synthesis problem is formulated as the definition of the sub-array configuration and the corresponding sub-array weights to minimize the maximum level of the sidelobes of the compromise difference pattern. In the first approach, the definition of the unknowns is carried out simultaneously according to a global optimization schema. Differently, the other two approaches are based on a hybrid optimization procedures, exploiting the convexity of the problem with respect to the sub-array weights. In the numerical validation, representative results are shown to assess the effectiveness of the proposed approaches. Comparisons with previously published results are reported and discussed, as well.
Citation
Giacomo Oliveri, and Lorenzo Poli, "Synthesis of Monopulse Sub-Arrayed Linear and Planar Array Antennas with Optimized Sidelobes," Progress In Electromagnetics Research, Vol. 99, 109-129, 2009.
doi:10.2528/PIER09092510
References

1. Skolnik, I. M., Radar Handbook, McGraw-Hill, 1990.

2. Rocca, P., L. Manica, A. Martini, and A. Massa, "Synthesis of large monopulse linear arrays through a tree-based optimal excitations matching," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 6, 436-439, 2007.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2008.2000787

3. Manica, L., P. Rocca, and A. Massa, "On the synthesis of subarrayed planar array antennas for tracking radar applications," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 7, 599-602, 2008.

4. Sherman, S. M., Monopulse Principles and Techniques, Artech House, 1984.
doi:10.1109/LAWP.2006.872435

5. Massa, A., M. Pastorino, and A. Randazzo, "Optimization of the directivity of a monopulse antenna with a subarray weighting by a hybrid differential evolution method," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propagat. Lett., Vol. 5, 155-158, 2006.
doi:10.2528/PIERL08042601

6. Rocca, P., L. Manica, and A. Massa, "Directivity optimization in planar sub-arrayed monopulse antenna," Progress In Electromagnetic Research Letter, Vol. 4, 1-7, 2008.
doi:10.1049/iet-rsn:20070176

7. Manica, L., P. Rocca, and A. Massa, "An excitation matching procedure for sub-arrayed monopulse arrays with maximum directivity," IET Radar, Sonar & Navigation, Vol. 3, No. 1, 42-48, 2009.

8. Manica, L., P. Rocca, M. Pastorino, and A. Massa, "Boresight slope optimization of subarrayed linear arrays through the contiguous partition method," IEEE Antennas Wireless Propag. Lett., Vol. 8, 253-257, 2008.

9. Ares, F., S. R. Rengarajan, J. A. Rodriguez, and E. Moreno, "Optimal compromise among sum and difference patterns through sub-arraying," Proc. IEEE Antennas Propagat. Symp., 1142-1145, 1996.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2007.893374

10. D'Urso, M., T. Isernia, and E. T. Meliado, "An effective hybrid approach for the optimal synthesis of monopulse antennas," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 55, No. 4, 1059-1066, Apr. 2007.

11. McNamara, D. A., "Synthesis of sub-arrayed monopulse linear arrays through matching of independently optimum sum and difference excitations," IEE Proc. H Microwaves Antennas Propag., Vol. 135, No. 5, 371-374, 1988.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2007.913037

12. Manica, L., P. Rocca, A. Martini, and A. Massa, "An innovative approach based on a tree-searching algorithm for the optimal matching of independently optimum sum and difference excitations," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 56, No. 1, 58-66, Jan. 2008.
doi:10.1109/8.964098

13. Lopez, P., J. A. Rodriguez, F. Ares, and E. Moreno, "Subarray weighting for difference patterns of monopulse antennas: Joint optimization of subarray configurations and weights," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 49, No. 11, 1606-1608, 2001.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2004.838788

14. Caorsi, S., A. Massa, M. Pastorino, and A. Randazzo, "Optimization of the difference patterns for monopulse antennas by a hybrid real/integer-coded differential evolution method," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 53, No. 1, 372-376, 2005.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2008.2009776

15. Rocca, P., L. Manica, R. Azaro, and A. Massa, "A hybrid approach to the synthesis of subarrayed monopulse linear arrays," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 57, No. 1, 280-283, Jan. 2009.
doi:10.1109/TAP.2009.2013423

16. Manica, L., P. Rocca, M. Benedetti, and A. Massa, "A fast graph-searching algorithm enabling the effcient synthesis of sub-arrayedplanar monopulse antennas," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 57, No. 3, 652-663, Mar. 2009.

17. Elliott, R. S., Antenna Theory and Design, Wiley-Interscience IEEE Press, 2003.
doi:10.1049/iet-map:20070119

18. Rocca, P., L. Manica, A. Martini, and A. Massa, "Design of compromise sum-difference patterns through the iterative contiguous partition method," IET Microw. Antennas Propag., Vol. 3, No. 2, 348-361, 2009.
doi:10.2528/PIERB07120403

19. Rocca, P., L. Manica, and A. Massa, "An effective excitation matching method for the synthesis of optimal compromises between sum and difference patterns in planar arrays," Progress In Electromagnetic Research B, Vol. 3, 115-130, 2008.
doi:10.2307/2281952

20. Fisher, W. D., "On grouping for maximum homogeneity," American Statistical Journal, 789-798, 1958.
doi:10.1049/ip-map:20045073

21. Bucci, O., M. D'Urso, and T. Isernia, "Optimal synthesis of difference patterns subject to arbitrary sidelobe bounds by using arbitrary array antennas," IEE Proc. Microwaves Antennas Propag., Vol. 152, No. 3, 129-137, Jun. 2005.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1984.1143212

22. Villeneuve, A. T., "Taylor patterns for discrete arrays," IEEE Trans. Antennas Propag., Vol. 32, 1089-1093, 1984.
doi:10.1049/ip-map:19949782

23. McNamara, D. A., "Performance of Zolotarev and modified-Zolotarev difference pattern array distributions," IEE Proc. Microwave Antennas Propag., Vol. 141, No. 1, 37-44, 1994.

24. Coleman, T., M. A. Branch, and A. Grace, Optimization Toolbox User's Guide --- For Use with Matlab, The Mathworks Inc., Natick, 1999.
doi:10.1109/JRPROC.1946.225956

25. Dolph, C. L., "A current distribution for broadside arrays which optimises the relationship between beam width and sidelobe level," IRE Proc., Vol. 34, 335-348, 1946.

26. McNamara, D. A., "Direct synthesis of optimum difference patterns for discrete linear arrays using Zolotarev distribution," IEE Proc. H Microwave Antennas Propag., Vol. 140, No. 6, 445-450, 1993.
doi:10.1109/TAP.1960.1144807

27. Taylor, T. T., "Design of a circular aperture for narrow beamwidth and low sidelobes," Trans. IRE Antennas Propag., Vol. 8, 17-22, 1960.

28. Bayliss, E. T., "Design of monopulse antenna difference patterns with low sidelobes," Bell System Tech. Journal, Vol. 47, 623-640, 1968.